Settling Disputes Negotiation – Process by which people in a dispute talk to each other and try to reach an acceptable solution Settlement-agreement Auto accidents Arbitration – Both parties agree to have another person listen to their arguments and make a decision for them Contracts, labor relations Mediation – Third person helps the disputing parties talk about their problems and settle their dispute divorce
Court System Different types of Courts – Trial courts- testimony, consider evidence and decide facts – Civil and Criminal Civil- Plantiff brings the legal action Criminal-Government brings legal action Both parties defendant is responding to the plantiff
State vs. Federal Courts Municipal or County courts intermediate court of appeals state supreme court U.S Supreme Court U.S district courts U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals U.S. Supreme Court
Tribal Courts No longer posses complete authority over their reservations. Have tribal courts Inherent Power – Power to regulate family relationships, tribal memberships and law and order on the reservation Delegated Power – When Congress grants power in a certain area such as environmental regulation
Supreme court **does not accept all appeals Petitions for Certiorari-request of a lower court to send up records
Trial Systems – Inquisitional System Judge is active in questioning witnesses, and controlling the court process – Adversary system Contest between opposing sides The judge/jury make decision after parties make best arguments
Jury Process Voir dire – Screen jurors for prejudices, preconceived notions Removal for Cause – Removing a juror who appears to be unable to make a fair and impartial decision Peremptory Challenges – Removal of jurors without cause
Appeals Error of Law – Mistakes as to the law Dissenting Opinion – Document written by judges who disagree with the opinion Concurring Opinion – Document written by judges who agree but for different reasons
Lawyers Litigators-trial lawyers Legal Malpractice – When a laywer is sued by clients for serious eeeors that result in injurty or loss Privilege – Whatever you tell your lawyer cannot be disclosed to anyone Disbarred – Lawyers who violate statndards and can no longer has a lisene to practice law
Whyt do we need a lawyer? Why do we need lawyers – Buying/selling homes – Organizing a business – Changting family dynamic – Making a will – Criminal charges – Handling accidents