Weather & Climate EOG Review

Earth’s Fresh Water Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - desalination - water cycle (evaporation, condensation, precipitation, & runoff) - groundwater - water table - aquifer - spring - well - reservoir

Earth’s Fresh Water How Do We Use Earth’s Oceans? How Do We Use Earth’s Oceans? 1. Seafood 2. Minerals 3. Fossil Fuels 4. Fresh Water

Earth’s Fresh Water How Can Fresh Water Be Polluted? How Can Fresh Water Be Polluted? 1. Precipitation (pollutants in the air) 2. Runoff water 3. Groundwater (chemicals-pesticides) 4. Industry 5. Household waste

Water Vapor & Humidity Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - water vapor - humidity - evaporation - condensation - relative humidity

Water Vapor & Humidity Would you say that the sun is a cause of clouds? Would you say that the sun is a cause of clouds? - The sun heats air, causing it to rise. As air rises, it expands and cools. Condensation then occurs, forming clouds.

Clouds & Precipitation Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - Stratus clouds - Cumulus clouds - Cirrus clouds - Fog - Precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, or hail)

Clouds & Precipitation Stratus clouds = blanketlike Stratus clouds = blanketlike Cumulus clouds = puffy Cumulus clouds = puffy Cirrus clouds = high altitudes, formed of ice crystals, wispy, featherlike Cirrus clouds = high altitudes, formed of ice crystals, wispy, featherlike Nimbo/Nimbus = rain Nimbo/Nimbus = rain Cumulonimbus = vertical development; thunderstorm clouds Cumulonimbus = vertical development; thunderstorm clouds

Clouds & Precipitation Do certain types of clouds give certain kinds of precipitation? Do certain types of clouds give certain kinds of precipitation?

Severe Storms Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - thunderstorm - tornado - hurricane - storm surge

Severe Storms Tornadoes = In the US most occur in the Midwest and the South Tornadoes = In the US most occur in the Midwest and the South Radar = What is it used for? Radar = What is it used for?

Atmosphere & Air Temperature Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - insolation - atmosphere - troposphere - air pressure - weather - barometer

Atmosphere & Air Temperature Insolation = incoming solar radiation; amount of warming is dependent on the angle of insolation (Quick Lab Activity: clay ball, graph paper, flashlight) Insolation = incoming solar radiation; amount of warming is dependent on the angle of insolation (Quick Lab Activity: clay ball, graph paper, flashlight)

Atmosphere & Air Temperature Atmosphere = air that surrounds Earth (gases) Atmosphere = air that surrounds Earth (gases) Which gas is most abundant in the air? Troposphere = layer where our weather occurs Troposphere = layer where our weather occurs Air pressure = decreases with altitude; normal air pressure is greatest at sea level (14.7 lbs/sq. in.) Air pressure = decreases with altitude; normal air pressure is greatest at sea level (14.7 lbs/sq. in.)

Air Pressure & Wind Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - wind - convection cell - sea breeze - land breeze - Coriolis Effect - isobar

Air Pressure & Wind How can air pressure change? How can air pressure change? 1. Volume 2. Height above the Earth’s surface 3. Temperature (heated air molecules speed up and spread out into a larger space, it expands; pressure decreases) 4. Amount of water vapor

Air Pressure & Wind Convection cells: Convection cells: Unequal heating and cooling of air making a pattern of rising air, sinking air, and wind

Air Pressure & Wind Coriolis Effect: Coriolis Effect: - Curving of the path of a moving object caused by Earth’s rotation (ie; airplane)

Air Pressure & Wind Global Wind Patterns: Global Wind Patterns: - Polar Easterlies - Prevailing Westerlies - Trade Winds

Air Pressure & Wind What makes air pressure change? What makes air pressure change? (changes in altitude, temperature, or humidity) What causes wind to blow in a particular direction? What causes wind to blow in a particular direction? (air moves from area of high pressure to an area of low pressure)

Air Pressure & Wind How might temperatures near the ocean compare with those inland in winter? In summer? How might temperatures near the ocean compare with those inland in winter? In summer? (land warms and cools faster than water; so the air near the ocean will be cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter)

Climate What affects climate? What affects climate? 1. Latitude (tropical zone, temperate zones, & polar zones) 2. Bodies of Water 3. Winds & Ocean Currents 4. Altitude (mountains)

Climate What causes climate change? What causes climate change? 1. Sun’s output 2. Currents & landmasses 3. Volcanoes

Weather Instruments thermometer thermometer barometer barometer anemometer anemometer wind vane wind vane rain gauge rain gauge hygrometer hygrometer