Astana Economic forum - May 2012 Prevention of corruption systems and institutional frameworks Francesco Checchi, UNDP Anti Corruption Specialist

Astana Economic forum - May 2012 Discuss briefly the area of prevention of corruption, the main elements and how to define it Present some observation on institutional models for prevention of corruption based on practical experience Present some of the main challenges for prevention of corruption and how to go about addressing them through management systems

Astana Economic forum - May 2012 Prevention of corruption and law enforcement Prevention of corruption difficult to codify and conceptualize According to the UNCAC: Rules for hiring and promoting public officials Effective public financial management; Streamlining of administrative procedures for Transparency and accountability across the public sector; Rules to monitor the financial situation of public officials and financing of political parties; Conflict of interest provisions. (just to mention some)

Astana Economic forum - May 2012 Institutional arrangements for prevention of corruption UNDP work in support to anti corruption agencies in the EE – CIS region Art 6 UNCAC > base for the creation of specialized prevention of corruption agencies 1)Multi functional models 2)Prevention of corruption agencies / commissions

Astana Economic forum - May 2012 What specialized agencies do in the area of prevention? Anti-Corruption Policy formulation Development of implementation plans Coordinating the implementation of preventive policies Monitoring the Implementation of Anti-Corruption Plans Evaluating the effectiveness of anti-corruption policies Conducting Diagnostic and research Legislative Drafting Promoting international cooperation and mainstreaming the international standards Disseminating knowledge Enhancing transparency of the PA and civil society participation in the fight against corruption Development and implementation of corruption risk and integrity assessments Enforcement of preventive anti-corruption measures (asset declarations regimes, conflict of interests, gifts)

Astana Economic forum - May 2012 Assessment of the activities of specialized agencies Multi task models (E.g Moldova CCECC – Turkey PMIB – Latvia STT – Lithuania KNAB) Positive elements (when addressing preventive functions): Institutions have an already well established positioning in the institutional framework Utilization of the data on enforcement for anti corruption awareness raising – research Problems: Scarce resources for prevention Lacking cooperation with the civil society In some cases lack of trust (existing reputation of the agency de to the law enforcement activity) Risk assessments always perceived as investigation

Astana Economic forum - May 2012 Assessment of the activities of specialized agencies Specialized Preventive models: (e.g. Montenegro DACI, Macedonia SPCP, Slovenia Commission) Positive elements: Capacity to establish cooperation with the civil society and businesses (open government – new technologies) Better analysis and research / awareness raising In some cases better relationship with the branches public administration (e.g for conduction of risk assessments) Negative elements: When collecting information on cases, lack of coordination with the law enforcement authorities Tendency of centralization of activities (e.g. conflict of interests - asset declarations - ethics – managers of the PA should be involved)

Astana Economic forum - May 2012 Findings Specialized agencies cannot achieve results when the key elements ensuring the integrity, transparency and accountability of the processes of the PA are not in place (Audit, Procurement, Ethics, Civil service agencies Institutional arrangements for Administrative and disciplinary controls.. ) Traditional integrity systems have to be in place ad well functioning first To prevent corruption, before establishing specialized anti corruption institutions: governments, line ministries and state agencies need to develop the capacity to manage a series of processes contributing to addressing challenges for the fight against corruption..

Astana Economic forum - May 2012 Main Challenges that can hardly be addressed by specialized anti corruption agencies Managing the implementation of anti Corruption policies and develop a monitoring and evaluation system. Enhancing citizens’ and civil society society access to information Enhancing institutional communication and citizens awareness Improve transparency and accountability of processes within the PA applied to administrative human resources, material, or financial processes.

Astana Economic forum - May 2012

Thank you! Astana Economic forum - May 2012 Website: Francesco Checchi, UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre