Chapter 23 Section C Napoleon Forges an Empire Napoleon Grasps Power Born in Corsica (off the coast of Italy) Only 5 feet 3 inches tall At 9 years old he was sent to military school Became a lieutenant in the artillery Joined the government when the revolution broke out

Corsica

Napoleon Forges an Empire Hero of the hour 1.Defended the National Convention when it was attacked by rioters in Oct Won a series of battles in Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia 3.Led an expedition to Egypt, but his naval forces are defeated by Horatio Nelson (English Admiral) 4.Napoleon manages to keep his defeats in Egypt out of the press

Napoleon Saves the National Convention

Napoleon Crossing the Alps IdealReal

Napoleon Forges an Empire Coup d’ Etat 1.Directory is dissolved 2.Three consuls take over the government (one of them is Napoleon) 3.Napoleon seizes power 4.Second Coalition is formed against France includes: Great Britain, Austria and Russia 5.Second Coalition’s goal was to drive Napoleon from power 6.Second Coalition signs peace treaty with France

Napoleon as Consul

Napoleon Forges an Empire Napoleon Rule France France’s fourth Constitution (1800) gave all power to Napoleon Napoleon restores order at home by: 1.Setting-up an official tax collection system 2.Established a national bank 3.Dismissed corrupt government officials

Napoleon Forges an Empire 4. Set-up Lycees (govt. run schools) 5. Officials were appointed to office based on merit rather than family connections 6. Signed a concordat (agreement) with Pope Pius VII a. French govt. would appoint bishops b. Bishops would appoint parish priest 7. Napoleonic Code – uniform set of laws

Pope Pius VII

Napoleon Forges an Empire Napoleon Crowned as Emperor 1.Crowned himself 2.Act showed he was more powerful than the church

Napoleon’s Coronation

Napoleon Forges an Empire Napoleon Creates an Empire His ambition was to rule all of Europe, Louisiana, Florida, French Guiana and the French West Indies New World Territories 1.Planters in Saint Domingue wanted the same privileges as the people of France 2.Toussaint L’ Overture (slave) seizes control over Saint Domingue 3.French troops are unable to retake all of the island 4.Napoleon sells Louisiana to the U.S. for $15 million in 1803 a)Napoleon gains money for his war b)Napoleon sees it as a way of punishing his British enemies

Saint Domingue

Toussaint L’ Overture

Napoleon Forges an Empire Conquering Europe 1.Third Coalition is formed: Great Britain, Russia, Austria and Sweden 2.Rulers of Austria, Prussia, and Russia sign peace treaties with Napoleon

Napoleon Forges an Empire Battle of Trafalgar 1.His only loss against the Third Coalition 2.Naval loss off the coast of Spain against Horatio Nelson 3.Destruction of the French fleet had two major results a)Assured supremacy of the British navy for the next hundred years b)Forced Napoleon to give up his plans of invading Britain

Battle of Trafalgar

Napoleon Forges an Empire The French Empire 1.Napoleon appointed either his brothers or in-laws to control his conquered territories 2.Napoleon’s power and threats actually made the conquered peoples more conscious of their loyalty to their own nations.

TA23D Read Pages Copy and Define Terms on Page 671 Copy and Answer Questions 15 & 16 on Page 676