Treatment of Inflammation Antihistamines Aspirin NSAIDS Glucocorticoids Others –Gold compounds –Antimalarial agents –Immunodulating agents

Antihistamines Prevent the actions of histamine at receptor sites. Does not block histamine.

ASA - Aspirin Work by inhibiting the COX enzyme, which is needed for prostaglandin synthesis at the site of inflammation Two enzyme forms of COX: –Cox -1: Protects the stomach and regulates platelets to help with clotting. Suppression of COX- 1 can lead to ____________________ –Cox -2: Triggers pain and inflammation at the injured site If you decrease inflammation, you decrease the pain associated with tissue injury

Aspirin - ASA Dosage –Analgesic: mg/4 hours –TIA and thromboembolic condition: mg/day Contraindications –Flu or virus symptoms in children - ________________ –Renal or hepatic disease, 3 rd trimester of pregnancy Adverse Reactions –Hypersensitivity Tinnitus Vertigo Bronchospasms, especialy in asthmatic clients

NSAIDs – Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory 1 st Generation: –Inhibit both COX1 and COX2 Aspirin Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) Naprosyn (Naproxen, Aleve) Indomethacin (Indocin) Voltaren Meloxicam (Mobic) Toradol (Ketoralac) – IM/IV for short-term pain mgt (5 days or less) 2 nd Generation: –Only Inhibit Cox2 – Offers ______________ protection Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Corticosteroids Decreases capillary permeability Reduces the # leukocytes and mast cells at the site, decreasing the release of histamine and prostaglandins. –Results in reduced swelling, warmth, redness and pain Stabilizes lysosomal membranes –Prevents release of proteolytic enzymes during inflammation Blocks the immune response When discontinuing, dose should be ________