Ch 13 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines and Amides SWBAT: Name/Draw compounds with functional groups Describe/Explain properties of functional groups Complete/Show.

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Ch 13 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines and Amides SWBAT: Name/Draw compounds with functional groups Describe/Explain properties of functional groups Complete/Show reactions of functional groups

Chapter 13.1 Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Acids Functional Group: Carboxyl Group – Carbonyl and Hydroxyl at the same carbon Condensed writing: COOH Carboxyl Carbon is C #1 Alkyl prefix….end in -oic acid methanoic acid methylpropanoic acid 3-methylpentanoic acid

Benzoic Acid Carboxyl on a benzene Carboxyl is attached to C #1 List all substituents by alpha Number either cw or ccw in order to get lowest numbers! 4-bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid

Naming Practice Parent alkane has to include carboxylic acid

Drawing Practice Draw: 2-methyl-3-phenyl-pentanoic acid 4-iodo-2-isopropyl-benzoic acid

Common Names

Fatty Acids Very long carboxylic acids Which one has a higher boiling pt? Why? Which one is a solid (fat) which a liquid (oil) at RT

Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHA) Hydroxyl groups on the α Carbon: Carbon # 2 Natural occurring acids in sour milk and fruits Part of many skin care products to exfoliate and smooth skin

Homework Chapter 13 Page and 13.8

Chapter 13.2 Properties of Carboxylic Acids

Acid Behavior Acids are Hydrogen (H+) Donors Carboxylic Acids dissociate in water and lower the pH aq COOH + H 2 O → COO - + H 3 O + carboxylate ion & hydronium ion

Boiling Point Carboxylic Acids have the highest boiling point of organic molecules More partial charges (4) than alcohols (3)

Solubility Carboxylic Acids dissolve very well in water Form H-bonds with water molecules But the longer the C-chain, the less soluble!

Solubility

Chapter 13.2 continued Reactions of carboxylic acids

Dissociation Rx When carboxylic acids dissociate they form a carboxylate ion Example: HCOOH → HCOO- + H+ Methanoic Acid Methanoate Ion

Neutralization Rx Carboxylate anions can react with metal cations to form carboxylic acid salts: COOH + NaOH → COO-Na+ + H2O Sodium methanoate

Name the following: Pentanoate Ion Potassium ethanoate or Potassium acetate

Homework Chapter 13 Page – 13.16

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