1. Carboxylic Acids

2. C11-5-20 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS Vocabulary & Concepts OUTCOME QUESTION(S):
Name and write structural models for and name alkyl
halides.
Name and write structural models for common alcohols
and describe uses.
Name and write structural models for common acids
Name and write structural models for common esters and
investigate importance.
Vocabulary & Concepts

4. R The functional group of carboxylic acids is the carboxyl group.
Made up of two smaller functional groups
General formula: R–COOH
carbonyl group O C R H
Common organic acids:
Sour fruits (citric acid)
Vinegar (acetic acid)
Amino acids (proteins)
Fatty acids (fats)
hydroxyl group

5. There are three ways to represent the carboxyl group
Properties of Carboxylic Acids:
Strong IMF (dipoles) gives high bp/mp
Very Polar covalent: < 5C are soluble in water
Weak acids that ionize when dissolved O C R H O C R _ δ- δ+ H +
(aq)
(aq)
-electrolytes-
There are three ways to represent the carboxyl group

6. Naming Carboxylic Acids
Identify the parent chain (longest chain with OOH).
Ending with – anoic acid
Numbering always begins with the carbon containing the carboxyl group.
Name any branches as usual
The carboxyl group is always be at an end…carbon can only have 4 bonds so the chain can’t continue
CH3– CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – C OH O 6 5 4 3 2 1
hexanoic acid

7. (some ant and bee stings)
Name the following compounds: HC OH O
methanoic acid
formic acid
(some ant and bee stings) 1
CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH2 – C OH O
CH3 6 5 4 3 2 1
5-methylhexanoic acid
CH3CH(Br)CH(Br)COOH 4 3 2 1
2,3-dibromobutanoic acid

8. The carboxyl can’t be off the benzene ring carbon – too many bonds
Draw the following compounds: l C OH O
H3C – C OH O
ethanoic acid
acetic acid
(vinegar) 1 6 2 2 1 5 3 4
benzoic acid
The carboxyl can’t be off the benzene ring carbon – too many bonds
CH3
CH2-C-COOH 3 2 1
2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid

9. C11-5-20 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS Vocabulary & Concepts CAN YOU / HAVE YOU?
Name and write structural models for and name alkyl
halides.
Name and write structural models for common alcohols
and describe uses.
Name and write structural models for common acids
Name and write structural models for common esters and
investigate importance.
Vocabulary & Concepts