“Through the doors at the end…come four officers of France, Great Britain, America and Italy. And then, isolated and pitiable, come the two Germans, Dr. Muller and Dr. Bell. The silence is terrifying…They keep their eyes fixed away from those two thousand staring eyes, fixed on the ceiling. They are deathly pale…There is general tension. They sign. There is general relaxation…We kept our seats while the Germans were conducted like prisoners from the dock.” (Harold Nicolson, Peacemaking, 1919.) After reading this source, how do you think the Germans felt at the end of World War One? Treaty

What does this source tell you about the British public’s feelings towards Germany in 1918? “The Germans, if this government is elected, are going to pay every penny; they are going to be squeezed, as a lemon is squeezed, until the pips squeak.” (Sir Eric Geddes, December 1918) Sir Eric Geddes was Minister of Munitions in Britain, Controller of the Navy and First Lord of the Admiralty at different points during The First World War.

Does this information help you to understand why so many people wanted revenge after the war? Does this information help you to understand why so many people wanted Peace after the war? “In France and Belgium, where most of the war was fought, 300,000 houses, 6,000 factories, 1,000 miles of railway, 2,000 breweries and 112 coal mines were destroyed…In some ways, mankind has never recovered from the horrors of the First World War.” John D. Clare, First World War (1994) Around 8 million people had been killed The cost of the war was roughly nine thousand million pounds The destruction of land, homes, farms and factories was huge Millions more people died after the war due to famine and disease

Terms of the treaty Damage Germany economically Damage Germany militarily Damage Germany’s pride

Terms of the treaty Damage Germany economically Damage Germany militarily Damage Germany’s pride 70,000 sq km of land was taken away from Germany No overseas colonies Germany’s army was reduced to 100,000 men She was not allowed an air force She was allowed only 6 naval ships and no submarines Allied troops to occupy the Rhineland Germany had to accept full responsibility for starting the war. Germany had to pay £6,660 million in reparations

Treaty Of Versailles LeadersWanted Did not want David Lloyd George Woodrow Wilson George Clemenceau

Describe the reaction of the German people to the Treaty of Versailles? (2 marks) WJEC, Paper 1, Study In-Depth, June 2004 Planning your response: