Teratogens Carolyn R. Fallahi, Ph. D.
The prenatal environment Teratogens: environmental agent Drug Chemical Virus Other factors Can result in birth defects
The timing of the teratogen is important Timing is important Brain days after conception Heart days after conception
Mother’s Diet Diet high in nutrients Easier labor Generally healthier baby World Food Council = 550 million hungry people in the world.
Mother’s Age Over 30 = increased risk Premature birth Lower birth weight More likely Down syndrome 1/100 over 40 25% over 50
Mother’s Age Adolescence 20% premature deliveries Mortality rates double for mothers in adolescence versus mothers in 20s Issues; not enough money or social support; not enough prenatal care; parenting support
Mother’s Illness Rubella (German measles) prior to the 11 th week of pregnancy – blindness, deafness, heart defects, brain damage Chicken pox – birth defects Mumps – increase the risk of miscarriage
STDs STDs, e.g. syphilis, transmitted directly to the baby. Gonorrhea AIDS
Mother’s Drug Use Legal & Illegal drugs pose risks Aspirin Thalidomide Marijuana Cocaine Alcohol/Tobacco FAS/FAE