Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY.

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Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

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Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY.

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Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

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Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

GUNPOWDER EMPIRES Land Empires Large, defensive, expensive Agriculture (not mercantilism or industry) Hard to control (rebellion) Centralized power – slow administration Islam, tax farming (unfair), forced labor

Osman I (Othman):

The Golden Age of the Ottomans

Mehmet II (“The Conqueror”)

The Ottoman Capital -- Constantinople

Fall of Constantinople: 1453

The End of the Byzantine Empire

Ottoman Empire – Constantinople becomes Istanbul Middle East, Egypt, Syria, Algeria, Tunis, Vienna

Hagia Sophia

Hagia Sophia - interior

Suleiman the Magnificent: ( ) Suleiman ’ s Signature

SuleSuleyman - defeated the Safavids, made laws Greatest extent of power – forced tribute DEVSHIRME SYSTEM - Christian boys as elite soldiers (Janissaries)…brought Christians into fold

HEIGHT OF POWER Istanbul: Cosmopolitan city Osmanli-speaking Military service gets benefits (tax-exempt and land grants) Islamic Common people are RAYA (flock)

Blue Mosque

Blue Mosque - interior

Prayer Rug, 16c Ottoman Empire

Qur’an Page: The Angel Gabriel Visits Muhammad

Collection of Taxes in Suleiman’s Court

Conversations Between Muslims & Christians

Scholars at the Galata Observatory (Suleiman’s Constantinople), 1557

Janissaries

The Ottoman Empire During the 16 c

OTTOMAN DECLINE Military costs increase Inflation goes up and people not paid enough REBELLION Janissaries demand changes (marriage, hiring mercenaries) – military readiness goes down By 1750….in economic, military decline – EUROPE CONTROLS THEM!