Transboundary Air Pollution Plan of Islamic Republic of Iran The Second Regional Stakeholders Meeting Transboundary Air Pollution Plan of Islamic Republic of Iran Presented by Vahid Esfahanian Vehicle, Fuel and Environment Research Institute

Outline Introduction Monitoring Plan Plan for Emission Inventory Plan for air pollution Modeling Preliminary design of an air quality network for Tehran

Introduction The prediction and management of air quality is gaining increasing importance around the world. The present situation in Asia is that air pollution problems associated with long rang transport of pollutants The issue of spatial scale for air pollution management has become more important as scientists and policy makers realize that current management programs operating within human-designated jurisdictions may not be large enough.

Monitoring Plan Existing station New stations

Monitoring Plan …. Existing station Name: Chamsari Area: one Hectar Location: 40 km at the south of Ilam, near the common border of Iran-Iraq Geographical location:

Monitoring Plan …. Existing station …. The recording pollutants are: NO2 SO2 PM10

Monitoring Plan …. Existing station …. Another air pollutants of interest from the stand point of long range transport are: Ozone (O3) Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) At the second step if there is enough fund toxic air pollutants should be recorded in Chamsari station. Heavy metals like mercury and lead Manmade chemicals like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) Polycyclic organic matter (POM) Pesticides like dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT)

Monitoring Plan …. New stations Vast surface area of Iran (1648198 km2) Pollutants transported over Iran from Europe and west Asia toward south Asia Due to geographical situation of Iran and propinquity to neighboring countries including Iraq and central Asia states, where the concentration of pollutants is high Iran needs some new stations to well monitor the inflow and outflow of air pollutants.

Monitoring Plan …. New stations …. Another important issue in transboundary air pollution is meteorological parameter Wind speed Wind direction The north, north-west and west of Iran are the locations where the air pollutants flow toward Iran The north east of Iran is the location where air pollutant flow out of Iran In other boundaries including south and south-east boundaries the intensity of flow is not much strong

Monitoring Plan …. New stations …. The more stations should be established in boundaries where the intensity of inflow and outflow is high.

Plan for Emission Inventory Three main categories of air pollution sources are: Mobile Sources Point Sources Area Sources

Plan for Emission Inventory … Mobile Sources Point Sources Road Traffic Rail Traffic River Traffic Aircraft Large Industrial Processes Small Industrial Processes Large Boiler Plant Area Sources Gas Combustion (domestic and commercial) Oil Fuel Combustion (domestic and commercial) Coal Combustion (domestic and commercial) Agriculture and Nature Other

Plan for Emission Inventory … Iran should establish some station all over Iran and Implement some project To obtain reliable statistics of emission inventory

Plan for air pollution Modeling An air quality model can predict the concentrations of pollutants Air quality models can determine the origins of pollutants Models can be used to predict the future concentration of a particular pollutant after the implementation of a new pollution control program In general all of models require two types of data: Information about the source being modeled, including the pollutant emission rate Information about the dispersing characteristics of the meteorology surrounding the source, such as wind speed and direction.

Plan for air pollution Modeling … DOE of Iran joint with Vehicle, Fuel and Environmental Research Institute (VFERI) of university of Tehran are implementing the air pollution models over Iran. and hopefully in future for other regions

Preliminary design of an air quality network for Tehran Existing stations in Tehran

Preliminary design of an air quality network for Tehran …. Basic parameters for air quality network design Population Air quality standards for network design Data correlation of existing stations

Preliminary design of an air quality network for Tehran …. Approx. No. of stations Population (millions) Stations per million POP. New Zealand 10-15 3.5 3-4 Victoria 25 5 New South Wales 50 6 8 Western Australia 20 1.7 12 Queensland 28 3.2 9 Cyprus 1.8 7 United States 3535 250 14 Canada 78 27 3 United Kingdom 280 60 Number of stations for Tehran= 8 millions×6.4~51

Preliminary design of an air quality network for Tehran …. Air quality standards for network design Site Scale Typical Area Dense 10’s of meters to 0.5 km Commercial areas Industrial areas Neighborhood 0.5 to 10’s of kilometers Residential or suburban areas Smaller urban centers

Preliminary design of an air quality network for Tehran …. Air quality standards for network design Neighborhood scale Dense scale

Preliminary design of an air quality network for Tehran …. Data correlation of existing stations Correlation of CO data for Tehran stations using Vila station as a central station

Preliminary design of an air quality network for Tehran ….

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