PROTISTS Chapter 2 Lesson 3

PROTISTS A. Eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals, plants or fungi B. A diverse group  Most are unicellular  Some are large, simple multicellular  Some are heterotrophs  Some are autotrophs  Some are both heterotrophic & autotrophic  Some can move  Some cannot move  All live in moist environments

ANIMAL-LIKE PROTISTS A. Like animals:  Heterotrophic  Most can move B. Unlike animals:  Unicellular C. Sarcodines  Move with pseudopods ‘false foot’  Slow moving via the cytoplasm flowing in a direction using the pseudopod and then the rest of the body follows  Ex. Amoeba 

D. Flagelattes  Protozoans that use one or more long whiplike flagella to move  Ex. Giardia  E. Ciliates  Use hundreds of hairlike projections, cilia, to move and feed  Ex. Paramecium  F. Spore-forming parasitic protists  Feed on the body fluids of their hosts  Most depend on a host for transportation (ex. Mosquito)  Ex. Plasmodium causes malaria

PLANT-LIKE PROTISTS(ALGAE) A. Like Plants:  Autotrophs that use photosynthesis & produce much of the world’s oxygen  Can be multicellular B. Unlike Plants:  Can be unicellular  Lack true leaves, stems and roots  Some can move and some are heterotrophic in addition to autotrophic C. Euglenoids  Unicellular algae that can act as heterotrophs in the absence of sunlight  Eyespot used to detect light  Flagella that allows movement 

D. Dinoflagellates  Unicellular  Flagella  Multicolor and some glow in the dark  E. Diatoms  Unicellular  Glass-like cell walls  Move by oozing along a slime released from the cell wall  Form diatomaceous earth used in household products like Soft Scrub and some toothpastes

F. Red Algae  Multicellular seaweed  Can grow deep underwater because of it’s ability to absorb even a small amount of light (~260m)  Nutrient rich food and is used in ice cream (makes it smoother) and hair conditioner G. Brown Algae  Most seaweed  The most plant-like in structure of the plant-like protists  Edible and sometimes used as thickeners in puddings and other foods

FUNGUS-LIKE PROTISTS A. Like Fungus:  Heterotrophs  Cell walls  Reproduce with spores B. Unlike Fungus:  Are able to move at some point in their life C. Slime Molds  Brilliantly colored  Unicellular or multicellular D. Water Molds & Downy Mildews  Live in wet places  Attack crops (ex. Irish potato famine 1845 & 1846)