ANDROID BY:-AANCHAL MEHTA MNW-880-2K11

Introduction to Android Open software platform for mobile development A complete stack – OS, Middleware, Applications An Open Handset Alliance (OHA) project Powered by Linux operating system Fast application development in Java

FEATURES Messaging Java support Connectivity Media support Multiple language support Storage Handset layouts Web browser Additional hardware support Voice based features Multi tasking Video calling Screen capture Multi touch

ARCHITECTURE

APPLICATION Usually developed in java programming language. Android software development kit is used. But a native development kit is also used for applications in C and C++. Google app inventor for novice users.

APPLICATION FRAMEWORK Underlying all applications is a set of services and systems, including: A rich and extensible set of views that can be used to build an application, including lists, grids, text boxes, buttons, and even an embeddable web browser Content Providers that enable applications to access data from other applications (such as Contacts), or to share their own data

APPLICATION FRAMEWORK (contd.) A Resource Manager, providing access to non- code resources such as localized strings, graphics, and layout files A Notification Manager that enables all applications to display custom alerts in the status bar. An Activity Manager that manages the lifecycle of applications and provides a common navigation backstack.

LIBRARY Various libraries that are included in android architecture are:- System C library Media Libraries Surface Manager SGL 3D libraries FreeType SQLite

ANDROID RUNTIME Every android application runs its own process,with its own instance of dalvil virtual machine. The Dalvik VM executes files in the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format VM runs classes compiled by a Java language compiler that have been transformed into the.dex format

LINUX KERNEL Android relies on Linux version 2.6 for core system services security, memory management, process management, network stack, and driver model are services provided by kernel. It acts as an abstraction layer between the hardware and the rest of the software stack

HISTORY OCTOBER,2003-FOUNDATION AUGUST,2005-ACQUISITION BY GOOGLE 2007-OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE

USES Used on smartphones, laptops, netbooks, tablets, google tv. First commercial phone available to run android was HTC DREAM, in iOS and Android 'Gingerbread' may be set up to dual boot on a jailbroken iPhone or iPod Touch with the help of OpeniBoot and iDroid.

VERSIONS OF ANDROID

ANDROID MARKET the online software store developed by Google for Android devices An application program ("app") called "Market" is preinstalled on most Android devices and allows users to browse and download apps published by third-party developers. As on december,2010 there were 200,000 games, applications and widgets available on the Android Market. In April 2011 Google said there had been more than 3 billion Android apps installed [ [ at end of June 2011 there are 6 billion apps installs from the Android market. The Market filters the list of applications presented by the Market app to those that are compatible with the user's device

Contd… developers may restrict their applications to particular carriers or countries for business reasons. Google has participated in the Android Market by offering several applications themselves,including:- a)google voice b)sky map c)maps editor d)google shopper,etc users can install apps from third party app stores such as the Amazon Appstore, or directly onto the device if they have the application's APK file

APPLICATION SECURITY Android application run in a sandbox. Before installing an application, android market displays all required permission. After reviewing these permissions, the user can decide whether to install the application. Some Android malware incidents have been reported involving rogue applicationsmalware In some cases applications which contained trojans were hidden in pirated versions of legitimate appstrojanspirated

APPLICATION SECURITY Google has responded by removing malicious apps from the Android Market, and remotely disabling them on infected devices. Security firms such as AVG Technologies and Symantec have released antivirus software for Android devices.

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