1. Android

2. Android OS
Google owns a trademark for Android – Google’s permission is necessary to use Android’s trademark
In 2011, Microsoft announced it has made an agreement with Android device manufacturers (including Samsung and HTC) to collect fees from them.
Android’s source code is available under Apache License version 2.0. The Linux kernel changes are available under the GNU General Public License version 2.

3. Android OS
Android is Linux based mobile OS for mobile devices such as Tablets and Smartphones.
In 2005 Google acquired the initial developer of
the OS, Android Inc.
Then in 2007 Google formed an Open Handset Alliance with 86 hardware, software and telecom companies.
This alliance developed and announced Android as an open source mobile OS under the Apache License.

4. Android
Now, this OS is being used by multiple device manufacturers (Samsung, Motorola, HTC, LG, Sony etc) in their handsets
Android developer community has large number of developers preparing APPs in Java environment and the APP store ‘Google Play’ now has close to 450,000 APPs, among which few are free and others are paid.
It is estimated that, as of December 2011,
almost 10B APPs were downloaded.

5. Android
It is estimated that as of February 2012 there are over 300M Android devices and approximately 850,000 Android devices are activated every day.
The earliest recognizable Android version is
2.3 Gingerbread, which supports SIP and NFC.
In 2011 Android Honeycomb version (3.1 and 3.2) are released with focus on Tablets. This is mainly focused on large screen devices.

6. Android Handset handset
layouts – compatible with different designs such as larger, VGA, 2D
graphics library, 3D graphics library based.
Storage – a lightweight relational database, is used for data storage
Connectivit: GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV- DO,UMTS,Bluetooth,WiFi, LTE, NFC &WiMAX
Messaging
messaging
– SMS, MMS, threaded text
and Android Cloud To Device
Messaging (C2DM)

7. Android
Google faced many patent lawsuits against Android such as by Oracle in 2006 that included patents US and US
Distributed under Apache License
Created by Android Inc., as part of Google in 2005
Linux Kernel
Java-based application framework
Development is Open Source; source code is publicly available
Programmers are welcome to contribute via Software Development Kit (SDK)

8. Android Software Development Kit
A software development kit that enables developers to create applications for the Android platform.
The Android SDK includes sample projects with source code, development tools, an emulator, and required libraries to build Android applications.
Applications are written using the Java programming language and run on Dalvik, a custom virtual machine designed for embedded use which runs on top of a Linux kernel.

9. Android SDK Environment
The Android Development Tools (ADT) plugin for Eclipse adds powerful extensions to the Eclipse integrated development environment. It allows you to create and debug Android applications easier and faster.
Advantages:
It gives you access to other Android development tools from inside the Eclipse IDE. For example, ADT lets you access the many capabilities of the DDMS tool: take screenshots, manage port‐forwarding, set breakpoints, and view thread and process information directly from Eclipse.

10. Android SDK Environment Advantages
It provides a New Project Wizard, which helps you quickly create and set up all of the basic files you'll need for a new Android application.
It automates and simplifies the process of building your Android application.
It provides an Android code editor that helps you write valid XML for your Android manifest and resource files.
It will export your project into a signed APK, which
can be distributed to users.

11. Creation of Android SDK Environment
Download and Install the Android
SDK and test the Emulator
Install Java
Install Eclipse
Install the ADT Plug-in in Eclipse
Create Hello World Application

12. Android Application Components
Description
Activities
They dictate the UI and handle the user interaction to the smart phone screen
Services
They handle background processing associated with an application.
Broadcas t Receiver s
They handle communication between Android OS and applications.
Content
Providers
They handle data and database
management issues.

13. Components
Description
Fragments
Represents a portion of user interface in an
Activity.
Views
UI elements that are drawn on-screen including buttons, lists forms etc.
Layouts
View hierarchies that control screen format and
appearance of the views.
Intents
Messages wiring components together.
Resources
External elements, such as strings, constants and drawable pictures.
Manifest
Configuration file for the application.

14. Android Software Stack Structure50

15. Android-Advantages Android is open Multitasking
Easy access to the Android App Market
Can install a modified ROM
Phone options are diverse
Ease of notification
Widget