Figure 1. Gross specimen of prostate gland.

Figure 2. Microscopic effects of BPH.

Figure 3. Prevalence by Age of Moderate to Severe LUTS and LUTS Combined With Q max <15 Ml/s. Age (years) Men (%) AUA >7AUA >7 and Q max <15 mL/s Q max =peak urinary flow rate.

Figure 4. Decision- making algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of BPH. TUVP Initial evaluation History Physical examination (DRE) Urinalysis Assess renal function (measure serum creatinine) Optional tests PSA Uroflowmetry Postvoid residual urine Pressure-flow studies Consider referral to a urologist, patients with complicated BPH: Refractory urinary retention Urinary tract infection Hematuria (blood in urine) Bladder stones Renal insufficiency Quantitative symptom reassessment (AUA Symptom Index) Bothersome, Moderate to Severe (8-35 points) Watchful waiting  -Blocker therapy or finasteride Refer to a urologist for consideration of other treatment options Open prostatectomy TURPTUIP Minimally invasive surgical options Laser therapy ThermotherapyStent TUNAMicrowave Mild (0-7 points) Complicated BPH or failed medical therapy Worsening of BPH symptoms at annual evaluation Medical therapy

Figure 5. Digital rectal examination.

Figure 6. Example of equipment for uroflowmetry.

Kirby RS, McConnell JD. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Time (s) Urinary flow rate (mL/s) Figure 7. Typical Urinary Flow Rate Curves As Measured by Uroflowmetry: Normal and BPH.