Quick chemistry revision Manufactured substance in industry

State the process and manufactured substance Contact Process Sulphuric acid Ammonia Haber Process

Write equations for each stage to in Contact process S + O2  SO2 Stage 2 2SO2 + O2  2SO3 Stage 3 SO3 + H2SO4  H2S2O7 H2S2O7+ H2O 2 H2SO4

State conditions needed in stage 2 contact process Temperature 450 oC pressure 1 atm catalyst Vanadium (V) oxide

State 3 uses of sulphuric acid Manufacture of detergent Production of fertiliser Electrolytes in car battery

How can sulphur dioxide cause environmental problems? cause coughing , chest pain Cause acid rain that corrodes building and metal structures

Write equation for manufacture of ammonia in Haber process N2 + 3H2  2NH3

State 3 conditions in the Haber process Temperature 450 o C pressure 200 atmosphere Catalyst iron

Manufacture of fertiliser State 3 uses of ammonia Manufacture of fertiliser To make nitric acid

State some properties of ammonia Colourless gas Has a pungent smell Very soluble in water

State composition of alloys bronze Copper and tin brass Copper and zinc Steel Iron and carbon

Why is alloy harder than its pure metals? Atoms in alloy Not of same sizes Not in orderly arrangement Less empty spaces between atoms So, when force is applied, atoms are difficult to slip and slide

State monomers from polymers below polythene Ethene polypropene Propene

How does synthetic polymers pose environmental problems? Not biodegradable, therefore difficult to dispose When burnt, give out harmful gases

State type of glass with these properties Cheap, breaks easily, cannot withstand heat Soda lime glass Heat resistant and chemical resistant Borosilicate glass Heat resistant, optical transparency Fused glass Soft and easy to melt Lead crystal glass

State uses of glass with these properties Cheap, breaks easily, cannot withstand heat Cheap Glass containers, window panes Heat resistant and chemical resistant Cookware Heat resistant, optical transparency Laboratory glass, lenses,telescope mirrors Soft and easy to melt Lead crystal glassware

State uses of glass with types of glass Cheap Glass containers, window panes Soda lime glass Laboratory glass, lenses,telescope mirrors Fused glass Lead crystal glass Lead crystal glassware Cookware Borosilicate glass

State uses of composite materials Super conductors Bullet train, MRI in hospitals Fibre optic Mobile phones, in instrument to examine internal parts of body Fibre glass Water tanks, rackets, helmets, boats Photo chromic glass Optical lenses, car windshield