How can post-disaster decision-making be improved? Victoria Maynard Programme Research and Development practice policytheory

SM12b  What is recovery? What is resilience? How to measure either of them?  Do we need more evidence? Or better use of the evidence we already have?  Do our problems lie in decision-making? Or in the challenges of implementing decisions? SM13a  What do we mean by recovery? How to measure it? SM13b  How are decisions made? And how could decision- making processes be improved? Theory-policy-practice practice policytheory decision- making ‘a process of interaction and decision- making among a variety of groups and institutions’ (Mileti, 1999)

“The key characteristic that distinguishes post-disaster conditions from normal times is time compression” (Olshansky et. al, 2012). Decision-making

Digital Humanitarian Network, 2013

Evidence-based or eminence-based? Borton, 2002 Humanitarian organisations

 Recovery and reconstruction “invariably involve (a) large amounts of money and (b) decisions about that money. That combination is politics” (Olson, 2000).  “government officials are confronted with the need to not only manage the situation but also explain it” (Olson, 2000).  Disasters as ‘critical junctures’ (Olson & Gawronski, 2010).  “’Accidents’ do not really overload political systems. ‘Emergencies’ might... ‘Disasters’ certainly do overload political systems, and ‘catastrophes’ can bring down regimes” (Olson, 2000). Government money decisions politics management explanations capabilities competence compassion correctness credibility anticipation

1.Which individuals, groups and organisations make decisions about shelter and settlements after disasters? What is their relationship? 2.What kinds of decisions do they make? When? Where? 3.Why are these decisions made? What factors influence the decision-making process? 4.What effect do these decisions have on the actions of 1) affected communities or 2) assisting individuals, groups or organisations? Which decisions are most important? Why? Research questions Consequences Causes Characteristics decision-making

Research questions How can post-disaster decision-making be improved? ? 1.Which individuals, groups and organisations make decisions about shelter and settlements after disasters? What is their relationship? 2.What kinds of decisions do they make? When? Where? 3.Why are these decisions made? What factors influence the decision-making process? 4.What effect do these decisions have on the actions of 1) affected communities or 2) assisting individuals, groups or organisations? Which decisions are most important? Why?

@vcmaynard How can post-disaster decision-making be improved? ?

Darcy et al (2013) The Use of Evidence in Humanitarian Decision MakingThe Use of Evidence in Humanitarian Decision Making Digital Humanitarian Network (2013) Decision-Makers Needs CommunityDecision-Makers Needs Community Olshansky et al (2012) Disaster and recovery: Processes compressed in timeDisaster and recovery: Processes compressed in time Olson (2000) Toward a politics of disaster: Losses, values, agendas, and blameToward a politics of disaster: Losses, values, agendas, and blame Olson & Gawronski (2010) From disaster event to political crisis: A “5C+ A” framework for analysisFrom disaster event to political crisis: A “5C+ A” framework for analysis Borton (2002) Improving Performance Through Improved Learning, Learning and Knowledge ManagementImproving Performance Through Improved Learning, Learning and Knowledge Management Chang (2010) Urban disaster recovery: a measurement framework and its application to the 1995 Kobe earthquakeUrban disaster recovery: a measurement framework and its application to the 1995 Kobe earthquake