Electromagnetic Spectrum Bohr’s Model of the Atom

Electromagnetic Spectrum: different types of energy that travel in waves the wave pattern is made of electric and magnetic fields that can travel through empty space ex: UV rays, microwaves, visible light type of energy depends on frequency & wavelength

wavelength = distance between 2 crests or 2 troughs frequency = how often a wave repeats itself in 1s represented by , measured in Hz wavelength = distance between 2 crests or 2 troughs represented by  (Greek symbol lamda), measured in meters wavelength of visible light is usually measured in nanometers (nm) = 10-9 m

How are  and  related? the shorter the , the higher the  (the more  the wave contains) the longer the , the lower the  (the less  the wave carries) longer  are safe for humans, short  can be harmful this is why radio waves are safe but X-rays are not

Visible Light High Energy Low Energy

ex: white light, which is real light that we see continuous spectrum : a spectrum in which all the wavelengths of light are represented in an uninterrupted sequence ex: white light, which is real light that we see it’s a bunch of colours smeared together

line spectrum = distinct colour lines rather than white light, unique to each element aka discontinuous spectrum each of the bands represents one jump of an electron

Why?? each element gives off their own distinct bands of colour the bands appear in the sections that correspond to various elements Hydrogen Carbon

The Bohr Model of the Atom Electrons travel in orbits Orbits are at fixed distances Electrons will continue on their path until told to do otherwise. (Energy)

Elements and their Colours e– can become excited and can “jump” to a higher shell when the E is removed, the excited e– “falls” back down to its ground state and releases its E in the form of light

spectroscope = instrument that separates light into its component bands of colour uses a prism or a diffraction grating we use them to identify elements contained in a substance (ex: stars) we can also tell if a body in space is moving towards us or moving away