Do Now What is the most important invention of the last 30 years? Why? (3 Sentence Answer) This will be graded and checked for length

By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

Cotton is King The Cotton GinThe Cotton Gin –Built by Eli Whitney –Boosted cotton production in the South

Cotton is King How to grow cotton?How to grow cotton? Answer: The Plantation SystemAnswer: The Plantation System Why the south? climate and topography supported crops that required a large labor supply Why the south? climate and topography supported crops that required a large labor supply “Cotton is King”- majority of the value of United States exports came from cotton“Cotton is King”- majority of the value of United States exports came from cotton

Cotton is King However, most whites in the south were independent small farmersHowever, most whites in the south were independent small farmers

The Abolitionists The Abolitionists felt they needed to do something because the issue of slavery was always avoidedThe Abolitionists felt they needed to do something because the issue of slavery was always avoided 1.Kansas-Nebraska Act 2.Popular sovereignty 3.The Compromise of 1850

The Abolitionists 1.William Lloyd Garrison The publisher of The Liberator- An abolitionist newspaperThe publisher of The Liberator- An abolitionist newspaper

The Abolitionists 2.John Brown- Raid on Harpers Ferry John Brown’s raid directly touched on one of the greatest fears of Southerners- slaves would revoltJohn Brown’s raid directly touched on one of the greatest fears of Southerners- slaves would revolt 2.John Brown- Raid on Harpers Ferry John Brown’s raid directly touched on one of the greatest fears of Southerners- slaves would revoltJohn Brown’s raid directly touched on one of the greatest fears of Southerners- slaves would revolt

John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859

3.Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811 – 1896) So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln

Uncle Tom’s Cabin  Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.  Effect of Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin -it played on people’s sympathies against slavery  Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.  Effect of Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin -it played on people’s sympathies against slavery

Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852

Do Now Type 1- 4 lines. Pretend you are a slave who is planning to escape their plantation. What is your plan?

The Underground Railroad  “Conductor” ==== leader of the escape  “Passengers” ==== escaping slaves  “Tracks” ==== routes  “Trains” ==== farm wagons transporting the escaping slaves  “Depots” ==== safe houses to rest/sleep

Leading Escaping Slaves Along the Underground Railroad

The Underground Railroad

Frederick Douglass ( ) 1845  The Narrative of the Life Of Frederick Douglass 1847  “The North Star” R2-12

Harriet Tubman ( )  Helped over 300 slaves to freedom.  $40,000 bounty on her head.  Served as a Union spy during the Civil War. “Moses”

The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party]  Nativists.  Anti- Catholics.  Anti- immigrants.  Nativists.  Anti- Catholics.  Anti- immigrants  Secret Order of the Star- Spangled Banner created in NYC.

Birth of the Republican Party, 1854  Northern Whigs.  Northern Democrats.  Free-Soilers.  Know-Nothings.  Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.  Northern Whigs.  Northern Democrats.  Free-Soilers.  Know-Nothings.  Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

1856 Presidential Election √ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig

The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858 A House divided against itself, cannot stand. A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

1860 Presidential Election √ Abraham Lincoln Republican John Bell Constitutional Union Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

Republican Party Platform in 1860  Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.  Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].  Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].  Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.  Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.  Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].  Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].  Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.

1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

1860 Election Results 1860 Election Results

Secession!: SC  Dec. 20, 1860

Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861