2. Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd Edition Copyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company Map 13.4 Continental Expansion through 1853 The Free Soil Appeal – i.e. the “Free Labor Ideology”

3. Problems of Sectional Balance in 1850  Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:  Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842)  Personal liberty laws  Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:  Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842)  Personal liberty laws

4. Compromise of 1850

5. Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811 – 1896) So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln

6. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852  Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.  2 million in a decade!  Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.  2 million in a decade!

7. 1852 Presidential Election √ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free Soil

8. 1852 Election Results

9. Pierce and the Ostend Manifesto  Desire for Cuba (as slave state)  Enraged North  Desire for Cuba (as slave state)  Enraged North 1854  Intended to be classified – NY newspaper published it.

10. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

11. Railroad Politics – More Sectionalism!!!

12. The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party]  Nativists.  Anti-Catholics.  Anti-immigrants.  Nativists.  Anti-Catholics.  Anti-immigrants. 1849  Secret Order of the Star-Spangled Banner created in NYC.

13. Birth of the Republican Party, 1854  Northern Whigs.  Northern Democrats.  Free-Soilers.  Know-Nothings.  Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.  Northern Whigs.  Northern Democrats.  Free-Soilers.  Know-Nothings.  Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

14. “Bleeding Kansas” Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)

15. “The Crime Against Kansas” Sen. Charles Sumner (R-MA) Congr. Preston Brooks (D-SC)

16. John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr? Mural in the Kansas Capitol building by John Steuart Curry (20 c )

17. 1856 Presidential Election √ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig

18. 1856 Election Results

19. Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

20. The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858 A House divided against itself, cannot stand. A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

21. John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859

22. Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd Edition Copyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company An 1835 painting of the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry

23. 1860 Presidential Election √ Abraham Lincoln Republican John Bell Constitutional Union Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

24. Republican Party Platform in 1860  Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.]  Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].  No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].  Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].  Internal improvements [for the West and those moving west] at federal expense.  Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].  Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.]  Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].  No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].  Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].  Internal improvements [for the West and those moving west] at federal expense.  Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].

25. 1860 Election Results 1860 Election Results

26. Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd Edition Copyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company Inauguration of Mr. Lincoln

27. Secession!: SC  Dec. 20, 1860

28. Crittenden Compromise: A Last Ditch Appeal to Sanity Senator John J. Crittenden (Know-Nothing-KY)

29. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861