Social Development Strategy The Social Dimensions of Development Effectiveness The Social Dimensions of Development Effectiveness : The draft World Bank Social Development Thematic Strategy Steen Lau Jørgensen Director, Social Development World Bank

Social Development Strategy An example from Mchinji, Malawi… In 2002 an illiterate woman took part in a CARE program to train communities how to monitor health services using a community score card: keeping track of drug supplies, and assessing the quality of service by staff. Drugs delivery was a huge problem throughout Malawi She got very good at it… -How many drugs were supplied to the center? -How were given to patients? -How many were available? -How were staff treating patients? Complete turnaround in performance of this health center within 6 months when the score card exercise was repeated Health staff know that they will be evaluated every six months Ministry takes note of the evaluations Change in performance is dramatic

Social Development Strategy An example from Mchinji, Malawi… When the program was being introduced to other sectors through the Malawi Social Action Fund this illiterate woman was asked to present it - Clear - Articulate - Powerful The CARE program was expanded throughout Malawi

Social Development Strategy What is social development? Inclusion: Putting people at the center of development Involved an illiterate woman in Mchinji Cohesion: Strengthening community fabric so that members can work together The village in Mchinji worked together to solve problem Accountability: Developing ways for people to exercise voice to authorities An illiterate woman gave voice to community

Social Development Strategy What is social development? One illiterate woman A village A district A national program Why not the world?

Social Development Strategy Assets and Capabilities for Poverty Reduction Well-being Poverty reduction Institutions : Human Financial Physical Natural Social Assets Inclusive Cohesive Accountable

Social Development Strategy How does the World Bank “do” social development?  Principles  Inclusion. P utting people at the center of development Providing equal access to opportunity  Cohesion. S trengthening communities so people can work together for common objectives and overcome divisions  Accountability. D eveloping ways for people to exercise voice to authorities, and for authorities to respond

Social Development Strategy How does the World Bank “do” social development?  Areas of activity  Social Analysis  Participation and Civic Engagement  Community Driven Development  Conflict Prevention and Reconstruction  Social Safeguards

Social Development Strategy How does the World Bank “do” social development?  Social analysis  E.g., how does opportunities for female migrant workers change local norms and culture, how is that relevant for development interventions?  E.g., what social norms about girls education are relevant for achieving universal primary education?  E.g., what is the likely social impact of land reform in Cambodia or Zambia?  How is a country evolving on the principles, i.e. tracking progress on inclusion, cohesion, accountability

Social Development Strategy How does the World Bank “do” social development?  Participation and Civil Engagement  In Uganda, support public debates of policy changes proposed through dialogue with World Bank  In Albania, support legal changes in enabling environment for civil society  In Peru support publication of the Budget  In Philippines work on accountability and NGO enabling environment

Social Development Strategy How does the World Bank “do” social development?  Community Driven Development  E.g., in Indonesia and Philippines, provide resources to communities that take initiatives to develop local development plans  Such programs are in 60+ countries with a volume of Bank support between 1 and 2 billion USD annually

Social Development Strategy How does the World Bank “do” social development?  Conflict Prevention and Reconstruction  E.g., help rebuild infrastructure, economies and societies in Afghanistan, Congo, Somalia  E.g., carry out conflict analysis (Somalia, Nigeria) to study drivers of conflict and recommend policy changes

Social Development Strategy How does the World Bank “do” social development?  Social Safeguards  E.g., protect interests of indigenous peoples and involuntarily resettled persons, making sure they benefit in appropriate ways from development interventions  Traditionally main entry point for SD staff, now about 20% of work

Social Development Strategy How does the World Bank “do” social development?  Staffing:  Recognized as sector group within the Bank since 1997  About 140 staff (out of 10,000 total), many (about 60) with anthropology or sociology background, but very diverse  About half are in country offices

Social Development Strategy Social Development Works  Review from World Bank Operations Evaluation Department shows that attention to social dimensions makes projects work better

Social Development Strategy Strategic Objective: Accelerate the trajectory  Heading in the right direction  Portfolio that includes SD increased (to about half)  Quality of attention to SD issues in other projects improved (85% of good quality up from 75 four years ago according to QAG)  Strategic priorities to go further:  Strengthen policy dialogue and lending  Improve project effectiveness – by mainstreaming and free-standing portfolio  Build on foundation of capacity building, advocacy and research

Social Development Strategy Increase Attention to SD in the Bank's Policy Dialogue and Policy-based Lending Strengthen multi-stakeholder participation in development and monitoring of macro strategy documents (e.g. Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers, Medium Term Expenditure Framework, Bank Country Assistance Strategy) Improve the social development content of policy analysis, working from positive experiences with Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) and social capital studies. Improve content of policy-based lending E.g., budget transparency conditionality, enabling community groups to manage public funds, improving transparency of bidding process

Social Development Strategy Improve the effectiveness of Bank- supported investment projects A more systematic approach to social development and stronger follow-through: Improve multi-stakeholder participation – to include better sustainability and monitoring by building into local planning processes; Improve social analysis including efficiency improvements by relying on sector-wide and country- wide work, e.g. country social analysis and Improve mainstreaming of SD concerns into Bank- financed projects and project components and nurture SD portfolio that is currently at about 8% of Bank lending.

Social Development Strategy Improve capacity building, knowledge sharing, partnership and research Align research priorities better with operational needs by supporting research that: explores further the link between the social dimensions of development and economic growth, refines indicators for social development, and better evaluates the impacts of social development projects. Sustain advocacy based on better aligned research and clarify the aspects of social development the Bank will address directly. Strengthen capacity building

Social Development Strategy Overview  Draft Social Development Thematic Strategy Paper presented to CODE December 17  OED Review evidence that social development improves effectiveness  Support for operational principles that answers “What is social development?”  Developing a business plan that answers “How does the World Bank support social development?”  Holding extensive external consultations

Social Development Strategy Next steps  Finalize Bank-wide business strategy – third quarter 2004  Dissemination after final Executive Directors’ endorsement - possibly late 2004 early 2005

Social Development Strategy Key Questions….  Do you agree with the principles of inclusion, cohesion and accountability?  What should the Bank do to promote social development?  What are good or bad practice examples from the Philippines, that we should learn from globally?  We need your help/advice

Social Development Strategy “I will not wait” In a letter from Birmingham jail, Martin Luther King Jr.wrote: “How long are my people supposed to wait?… Human progress…takes the hard work of dedicated people like you and me, working together to advance human civilization… I will not wait…”