Chapter 1: The Scope of Ecology

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chapter 2 Principles Of Ecology.

Advertisements

Principles of Ecology Chapter 13.

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Chapter 6: Biotic Resources (A Tired Planet). Ecosystem Structure & Function Ecosystem structure refers to the individuals and communities of plants and.

Ch 23: Global Ecology. Ecology Terms Ecology - the study of the interactions of organisms with one another and with the physical environment Biosphere.

AP Environmental Science

Outline Community Ecology Ecosystem Ecology

Human Ecology CHAPTER 23. Community: total populations of all species that occupy the same geographic area and interact Ecosystem: community of organisms.

Ecology and the Environment (Chapter 22) Background and Historical Development Background and Historical Development Attributes of Ecological Systems Attributes.

Chapter 3-The Biosphere

Ecosystems & The Flow of Energy & Matter

Cycles of Matter Ecology Unit II.

Introduction to Ecology Chapter 18 Table of Contents Section 1 Introduction to Ecology Section 2 Ecology of Organisms Section 3 Energy Transfer Section.

Food Security, Environmental Change, Biodiversity, and Interdependencies Jeff Brawn Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences.

ECOLOGY. Ecology is: The study of the relationship between living organisms and their environment.

Ecology Review for test. Ecology review  What is ecology?  It is the study of the biosphere.  The biosphere is any place that supports life.

Community Ecology Interactions of a community: interactions that affect survival and drive evolution – Competition - negative effect on both species –

Ecology Class Notes 2. I. What is Ecology?  A. Ecology is the way organisms (living things) interact with their environments (surroundings).  B. The.

What is Ecology? This Powerpoint is hosted on Please visit for free powerpoints.

Ch 4 : Introduction to Ecology Ecology is the study of INTERACTIONS between organisms and the living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components of their.

Ecosystems and Human Interferences

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Ecosystems Ecosystem = all organisms and nonliving entities that occur.

Welcome Grant from National Science Foundation: Fire, Atmospheric pCO 2, and Climate as Alternative Primary Controls of C 4 -Grass Abundance: The Late-Quaternary.

Notes: Biotic & Abiotic Factors. A. Ecology The study of interactions between organisms and their environment.

Ecosystems: Components, Energy Flow, and Matter Cycling G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 13 th Edition Chapter 4 G. Tyler Miller’s Living in.

The Flow of Matter and Energy

PACKET #33 CHAPTER #13 Ecosystems & The Flow of Energy & Matter.

The Science of Ecology. Introduction to Ecology What is ecology? -Greek Oikos = the home or household -ology = study of -The study of the distribution.

Ecology. Ecology is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environment, such as the interactions organisms have with each other.

PRINCIPALS OF ECOLOGY CHAPTER 3 BEGININIGS OF ECOLOGY ECOLOGY- SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ORGANISMS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTS ECOLOGY- SCIENTIFIC.

Ecology The study of how organisms interact with living and nonliving aspects of their environment.

Ch 3 Ecosystems: What They Are and How Do They Work?

Interactions Within Ecosystems Chapter 2

Biodiversity hotspots Conservation International.

Ecology Populations Review. Define ecology The study of the interaction of living organisms with each other in their physical environment.

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work? Chapter 3.

Ecology Monday March 27, Website to help you study biology term

Organization of Life.

Ecology Test Review. Test Objectives Distinguish between abiotic and biotic (be able to give examples) Understand diversity and similarity in ecology.

Chapter 13: Principles of Ecology. Ecology = the study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their surroundings Ecologists study nature.

Chapter 1 Studying the State of Our Earth. What do you think? What is the difference between environmental science and environmentalism?

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services at the CSIR. © CSIR What is biodiversity? Biological diversity – the variety and richness of plant.

Chapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology. The Deforestation of Haiti 1923-present.

Flow of Energy Ecosystems across the world are linked in networks of energy and nutrient exchange between biotic and abiotic factors. We often take for.

Sustainability "We have a responsibility to sustain - if not enhance - our natural environment and our nation's economy for future generations." -Steve.

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work? G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 14 th Edition Chapter 4 G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment.

Chapter 1 – Environment, Sustainability, and Science.

ECOSYSTEM COMPONENTS: ENERGY FLOW & MATTER CYCLING.

Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 14 th Edition Chapter 1 G. Tyler Miller’s Living in.

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work? G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 14 th Edition Chapter 4 G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment.

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work? Chapter 3 Sections 1-4.

The Biosphere Chapter 3.

Ch 4 : Introduction to Ecology

Components of life and Ecosystems

What is Ecology?.

Ecology Ecology is the study of how living things interact in an environment.

What is ecology? By Char Hisaysu 15/5/06

Ecology is study of interactions between

Interactions Within Ecosystems Chapter 2

What is Ecology?.

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work?

Ecosystem By: GABRIELA GUERRA.

Notes - Ecology .

Kihwan Song, Korea University

What is Ecology? Biology.

Ecosystem Services.

Presentation transcript:

Chapter 1: The Scope of Ecology

Levels of Organization Biosystems are interactions between biotic and abiotic components. Can be studied at any level Fungi-algae = lichen; host-parasite (>population, <community)

Hierarchies are nested: composed of lower-level groups Typical Areas of Ecology Hierarchies are nested: composed of lower-level groups

Emergent Property Principle When hierarchal components are combined to create a larger functional whole (populations  community), new properties emerge Combine gaseous H with gaseous O, get liquid H2O Algae and coelenterate animals  coral High productivity and diversity are emergent properties

Transcending Functions and Control Processes Transcending functions: basic functions that operate at all hierarchies Behavior, development, diversity, energetics, evolution, integration, and regulation Positive and negative feedback controls are universal

Keeps systems altering as they have in the past (i. e Keeps systems altering as they have in the past (i.e., regulation of storage and release of nutrients) Very exact genetic, hormonal, and neural controls

Capital Economic capital – the goods and services provided by humankind, or the human workforce Gross national product (GNP) Natural capital – benefits and services supplied to human societies by natural ecosystems, or provided “free of cost” by unmanaged natural systems Purification of water and air, decomposition of wastes, maintenance of biodiversity, control of nsect pests, pollination of crops, mitigation of floods, provision of natural beauty, etc. Ecosystem services: 16 to 54 (avg. 33) trillion US dollars per year (Costanza, d’Arge, et al. 1997).

Models A formulation that mimics a real-world phenomenon and by which predictions can be made. Informal  graphic Formal  mathematical Garbage in = garbage out

Graphic Model Energy Source (forcing function) Feedback Loop State variables Interaction function (emergent property) Flow Pathways

Photochemical Smog Model Feedback Loop Solar Energy Hydro-carbons Photo-chemical smog Synergistic effect Nitrogen-oxides

Grassland Model Feedback Loop Solar Energy Plants Omnivores availability, %, season, threshold Herbivores

Feedback Loops Represent control mechanisms, + or -

Interaction of +/- Feedback Loops

Model Symbols

Ecosystem Model