Photosynthesis Used by Autotrophs Plants, Algae, and some Bacteria

Remember  Autotrophs Can make their own food using energy from the sun. -Primary trophic level -Plants, algae, some bacteria  Heterotrophs Cannot make their own food and rely on other organisms -Secondary, and tertiary -Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores

Photosynthesis - autotrophs capture energy from sunlight, and store it as chemical energy in the form of sugars. Chloroplast are organelles in plant cells there photosynthesis takes place. Chlorophyll is a molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs some of the energy in visible light

Two Parts of Chloroplast  Thylakoids - shaped like coins. Stacks of thylakoids are called grana.  Stroma - Fluid that is all around the grana inside the chloroplast

There are two stages of Photosynthesis  Light-dependent  Chlorophyll absorbs energy from sunlight.  The energy moves along the thylakoid membrane and is transferred to ATP. This is called Chemiosmosis.  During this process water molecules (H 2 0) are broken down, and oxygen (O 2 ) molecules are released. ADP+P ATP

 Light-independent or the Calvin Cycle  Uses the energy from the light-dependent reaction to make sugars.  This happens in the stroma.  Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) and light energy are used to build sugars usually glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 )  This is called Carbon fixation

Overall Photosynthesis Equation  6CO 2 + 6H 2 OC 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Photosynthesis produces glucose which is used in cellular respiration to make *ATP* C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O ATP’s