The Burden of Youth Violence in RI September 16, 2005 SAFE RI: Violence and Injury Prevention Program

The Public Health Approach to Youth Violence Prevention: Step 1: Defining the Problem

10 Leading Causes of Death, Rhode Island , All Races, Both Sexes Produced By: Office of Statistics and Programming, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, CDC Data Source: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Vital Statistics System Age Groups Rank < All Ages Short Gestation 79 Unintentional Injury 8 Unintentional Injury 14 Unintentional Injury 12 Unintentional Injury 50 Unintentional Injury 59 Unintentional Injury 71 Malignant Neoplasms 279 Malignant Neoplasms 718 Malignant Neoplasms 1,324 Heart Disease 10,808 Heart Disease 12,308 Congenital Anomalies 54 Congenital Anomalies 6 Malignant Neoplasms 10 Malignant Neoplasms 9 Homicide 27 Suicide 31 Suicide 64 Heart Disease 179 Heart Disease 441 Heart Disease 815 Malignant Neoplasms 7,280 Malignant Neoplasms 9,698 Placenta Cord Membranes 24 Malignant Neoplasms 6 Homicide 4 Congenital Anomalies 2 Suicide 18 Homicide 24 Malignant Neoplasms 50 Unintentional Injury 111 Unintentional Injury 105 Chronic Low. Respiratory Disease 132 Cerebro- vascular 2,239 Cerebro- vascular 2,429 Maternal Pregnancy Comp. 16 Cerebro- vascular 3 Septicemia 3 Homicide 2 Malignant Neoplasms 7 Malignant Neoplasms 14 Homicide 39 Suicide 86 Liver Disease 95 Diabetes Mellitus 119 Chronic Low. Respiratory Disease 1,830 Chronic Low. Respiratory Disease 2,027 SIDS 14 Heart Disease 3 Congenital Anomalies 2 Influenza & Pneumonia 2 Congenital Anomalies 6 Heart Disease 8 Heart Disease 36 Liver Disease 57 Suicide 69 Liver Disease 100 Influenza & Pneumonia 1,172 Influenza & Pneumonia 1,256 Circulatory System Disease 13 Homicide 3 Five Tied 1 Suicide 2 Heart Disease 2 Cerebro- vascular 2 HIV 15 HIV 52 Diabetes Mellitus 62 Cerebro- vascular 95 Alzheimer's Disease 967 Diabetes Mellitus 1,056 Bacterial Sepsis 11 Benign Neoplasms 2 Five Tied 1 Two Tied 1 Meningo- coccal Infection 2 Congenital Anomalies 2 Influenza & Pneumonia 8 Homicide 36 Two Tied 47 Unintentional Injury 73 Diabetes Mellitus 852 Unintentional Injury 1, Leading Causes of Death, by Age, Rhode Island, WISQARS TM Produced By: Office of Statistics and Programming, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Data Source: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), National Vital Statistics System

Data Source: WISQARS, 2005 *Rates based on numbers of less than 20 may be unstable

Youth Homicide

Data Source: WISQARS, 2005 *Rates based on numbers of less than 20 may be unstable

Data Source: WISQARS, 2005 *Rates based on numbers of less than 20 may be unstable

Data Source: WISQARS, 2005 *Rates based on numbers of less than 20 may be unstable

Data Source: WISQARS, 2005 *Rates based on numbers of less than 20 may be unstable

Data Source: WISQARS, 2005 *Rates based on numbers of less than 20 may be unstable

Assault

Adolescent Physical Violence It is estimated that 3.9 million adolescents (12-17) per year are victims of physical violence in the United States (NSA, 2003). In Rhode Island, over year olds per year are hospitalized due to an assault (HDD, ). Of RI adolescents surveyed in 2003, 27.6% reported being in a physical fight at least once in the year preceding the survey (RIYRBS, 2003).

Adolescent Dating Violence in RI Nationally, 8.9% of adolescents surveyed reported being assaulted by an intimate partner in the preceding year (YRBS, 2003). In Rhode Island, 8.1% of adolescents reported being hit, slapped, or physically hurt by their boyfriend or girlfriend in the year preceding the survey (RIYRBS, 2003).

School Violence Results of the 2003 YRBS survey: 5.9% of students reported carrying a weapon on school property during the month preceding the survey. 5.8% of students reported not going to school at least 1 day in the preceding month because they felt unsafe. 8.2% of students reported being threatened or injured with a weapon on school property during the month preceding the survey. 11.4% of students reported getting into a physical fight on school property during the year preceding the survey.

Teen Sexual Assault Roughly 70% of all sex assaults among year olds are not reported (DOJ, 1999). Of Rhode Island 9-12 grade students surveyed, 7.7% reported having been physically forced to have sexual intercourse when they did not want to (YRBS, 2001).

Youth Suicide

Suicide Mechanism, Ages 10-24, Rhode Island, Suffocation – 46.0% Firearm – 30.0% Poisoning – 14.0% All Other Means– 10.0%

Data Source: WISQARS, 2005 *Rates based on numbers of less than 20 may be unstable

Data Source: WISQARS, 2005

*Rates based on numbers of less than 20 may be unstable

Suicide Attempts/Ideation

Suicide Attempts Nationally, the rate of hospitalization for suicide attempts among year olds is 73.1 per 100,000 (WISQARS, 2005). In Rhode Island, more than ¼ of all individuals hospitalized for self-harm injuries were year olds, of which 66.2% were female (HDD, ). 8.3% of RI High School students surveyed reported attempting suicide at least once in the 12 months preceding the survey (YRBS, 2003).

Suicidal Ideation Results from the 2003, Rhode Island YRBS: 24.3% of students reported feeling so sad or hopeless during the preceding 12 months that they stopped doing some of their usual activities. 14.1% of respondents seriously considered committing suicide. 11.2% made a plan about how they would attempt suicide.

References WISQARS - the CDC’s interactive database system that provides customized reports of injury-related data - RIYRBS - The YRBS is a survey of students in grades 9-12 and measures health risk behaviors that contribute to injuries and violence; tobacco, alcohol and other drug use; unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs); unhealthy dietary behaviors; and physical inactivity. HDD – Hospital Discharge Data, ; Obtained from Rhode Island Department of Health, Center for Health Data and Analysis, Analyzed by Children’s Safety Network, 2003 and Safe RI, 2005 DOJ – Juvenile Justice Bulletin, Department of Justice,