Work, Energy, and Power There are a lot of advantages of knowing some physics but this one is definitely not one of them.

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Presentation transcript:

Work, Energy, and Power There are a lot of advantages of knowing some physics but this one is definitely not one of them.

Potential Energy PE (Ug) An object can store energy as the result of its position.

Gravitational potential energy is the energy stored in an object as the result of its vertical position (i.e., height). U g = PE grav = mass * g * height Potential Energy PE grav or U g Unit: Joules (J) U g = PE grav = m * g * h m = mass of object (kg) g = gravity = 10m/s^2 h = height (m)

Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. m = mass of object v = speed of object Unit: Joules (J)

The Joule is the unit of work and energy. 1 Joule = 1 Newton * 1 meter 1J = 1 N * m = (Nm) James Prescott Joule Great Britain ( ) Hoping to replace steam engines by electric motors, his first research sought to improve electric motor efficiency. His investigations concerned themselves with the production of heat.

Mechanical Energy Mechanical Energy ME = PE + KE The total amount of mechanical energy is merely the sum of the potential energy and the kinetic energy. ME = PE + KE Unit: Joules (J)

Work W= F*d Work is the energy expended to move something. If there is no motion, no work has been done no matter how much force is applied. In physics, work is defined as a force acting upon an object to cause a displacement. The Joule is the unit of work. 1 Joule = 1 Newton * 1 meter 1J = 1 Nm

Work- Energy Theorem Energy is conserved

Energy Transformation for Downhill Skiing

Roller Coaster

Energy Transformation on a Roller Coaster

Energy Transformation for a Pendulum

Power P P = W/t Power is the rate at which work is done. Unit: J/s = W (Watt)

James Watt ( ) James Watt dies, age 83, healthy, happy, and famous James Watt was born in 1736 in Greenock, Scotland. James was a thin, weakly child who suffered from migraines and toothaches. He enjoyed mathematics in grammar school, and also learned carpentry from his father Patents steam engine In 1782 a sawmill ordered an engine that was to replace 12 horses.

The standard metric unit of power is the Watt. Unit: W (Watt) One horsepower is equivalent to approximately 750 Watts.

Formulas PE = Ug = m*g*h (J) KE= ½*m*v 2 (J) W = F*d(J) P = W/t P = (F * d)/t(J/s or Watt) P= F*v(J/s or Watt) ME= KE+PE(J) Hint: to make kg to a “Force” use W= F = m* g g=10

Formulas Impulse I = F*t (Ns) Momentum p = m*  v (kg*m/s) Impulse = change in momentum I =  p Impulse-MomentumF*t = m*v Conservation of momentum m 1 * v 1 = m 2 * v 2