1. Energy

2. Energy Energy is the ability to do work.
Any object that has energy has the ability to create force.

3. Energy There are many different forms of energy: Mechanical Energy
Radiant Energy (Light)
Nuclear Energy
Electrical Energy
Chemical Energy
Thermal Energy (Heat)
Pressure Energy
Etc…

4. All forms of energy can be classified into Potential or Kinetic.

5. Energy
Potential energy is the stored energy of position possessed by an object.

6. Energy
Gravitational potential energy (GPE) is the energy stored in an object as the result of its vertical position or height.

7. Energy
These are both the same formula, but the top one is how it looks on your formula chart. Make note of units.

8. Energy
What has more GPE, a rock at the top of a a 50 m ramp or a rock on the top of a 55 m ramp?
If you double the height a stone that is being held above the ground, what happens to its GPE?
If you half the height a stone that is being held above the ground, what happens to its GPE?

9. Energy
A 2 kg dog is at the top of a 3 m tall slide. Calculate his GPE.

10. Energy
A 2 kg dog is at the top of a 3 m tall slide. Calculate his GPE.
m= 2 kg GPE = mgh
g= 9.8 m/s GPE = (2)(9.8)(3)
h= 3 m GPE = 58.8 J

11. Energy
Elastic potential energy (PEe) is the energy stored in elastic materials as the result of their stretching or compressing.
 Elastic potential energy is stored in the spring when stretched (more stretch=more energy)
 If a spring is not stretched or compressed no potential energy is being stored; it is in equilibrium

12. Energy k = Spring constant (N/m)
The stiffer the spring, the larger the spring constant
x = Amount of compression relative to the equilibrium position

13. Energy
A spring is stretched 0.2 m from equilibrium. The force constant (k) of the spring is 2500 N/m. What is the potential energy of the spring?

14. Energy k= 2500 N/m PEe= ½(2500)(.2)2 x= .2 m PEe= 50 J
A spring is stretched 0.2 m from equilibrium. The force constant (k) of the spring is 2500 N/m. What is the potential energy of the spring?
k= 2500 N/m PEe= ½(2500)(.2)2
x= .2 m PEe= 50 J

15. Energy Kinetic energy (KE) is the energy of motion.
The more an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.

16. Energy
Again, these are both the same formula, but the top one is how it looks on your formula chart.

17. Energy
Determine the kinetic energy of a 625-kg roller coaster car that is moving with a speed of 18.3 m/s.

18. Energy
Determine the kinetic energy of a 625 kg roller coaster car that is moving with a speed of 18.3 m/s.
m= 625 kg KE= ½ mv2
v= 18.3 m/s KE = ½ (625)(18.3)2
KE = 104, J

19. Energy
Mechanical energy is the energy that is possessed by an object due to its motion or due to its position. It can be kinetic or potential.
Total Mechanical Energy (TME)= Potential Energy+ Kinetic Energy
TME= (½ mv2)+(mgh)

20. Energy

21. TME= (½ mv2)+(mgh)
A golfer hits a 0.4kg golf ball with a speed of 0.4m/s to a height of 30 m. What is the golf ball's total mechanical energy?

22. TME= (½ mv2)+(mgh)
A golfer hits a 0.4kg golf ball with a speed of 0.4m/s to a height of 30 m. What is the golf ball's total mechanical energy?
m= .4 kg TME= (½ mv2)+(mgh)
v= .4 m/s TME = (½*.4*.42)+(.4*9.8*30)
g= 9.8 m/s TME = J
h= 30 m

23. Energy The Law of Conservation of Energy:
the total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant over time
energy can neither be created nor destroyed: it can only be transformed from one state to another.
Remember the Lion King slide…

24. Energy
((½ mv2)i+(mgh)i) = ((½ mv2)f+(mgh)f)

25. Energy
Julie has a mass of 49 kg. What is her potential energy when standing on the 6 meter diving board? (She is 6 meters above the water.) Julie jumps off the diving board. What is her kinetic energy just before she hits the water?

26. This is her Initial GPE (PEi).
Julie has a mass of 49 kg. What is her potential energy when standing on the 6 meter diving board? (She is 6 meters above the water.)
m= 49 kg GPE =(49)(9.8)(6)
h= 6 m GPE = 2,881.2 J
g= 9.8 m/s2
This is her Initial GPE (PEi).

27. Julie has a mass of 49 kg. What is her kinetic energy just before she hits the water?
m= 49 kg ,881.2 = KEf + 0
h= 6 m ,881.2 = KEf
g= 9.8 m/s2
GPEi= 2,881.2 J
KEi= 0 J
GPEf= 0 J

28. Energy
Work-Energy Principle - The change in the kinetic energy of an object is equal to the net work done on the object.
W = (½ mv2)f - (½ mv2)i

29. W = (½ mv2)f - (½ mv2)i
A toy car with a mass of 2 kg starts at rest. A spring performs 196 joules of work on the car. What is the toy car’s final velocity?

30. W = (½ mv2)f - (½ mv2)i
A toy car with a mass of 2 kg starts at rest. A spring performs 196 joules of work on the car. What is the toy car’s final velocity?
m= = (½ 2*vf2) - (½ 2*02)
vi= = (1*vf2) – (0)
E= √196= √vf2
vf= ? =vf

31. Energy

32. Energy