BELLWORK 1.After the Spanish-American War, the U.S. occupied Cuba until In one sentence summarize America’s goals of Cuban occupation. 2.Evaluate U.S. occupation of Cuba. Was it more of a success or a failure? Explain! 3.In 1902, the U.S. transferred power to the Cuban government. What was the condition of this transfer? 4.Who was Mario Garcia Menocal? 5.Why did Cuba declare war on Germany? 6.THINKER: In your opinion, would it have been possible for Cuba to stay out of the conflict and remain neutral? Why or why not? Explain!

Cuban Involvement in WWI What was Cuba’s role in WWI? How did WWI impact Cuba’s sugar industry? Explain how WWI increased the concentration of Cuban industries under U.S. control. Explain what happened to the Cuban sugar industry post-war.

Involvement in the Americas Bolivia: Severed relations with Germany - April 13, 1917 Brazil: Severed relations with Germany - April 11, 1917 & Declared war on Germany - Oct 26, 1917 Costa Rica: Severed relations with Germany - Sept 21, 1917 & Declared war on Germany - May 23, 1918 Cuba: Declared war on Germany - April 7, 1917 Ecuador: Severed relations with Germany - Dec 8, 1917 Guatemala: Declared war on Germany - April 23, 1918 Haiti: Declared war on Germany - July 12, 1918 Honduras: Declared war on Germany - July 19, 1918 Nicaragua: Declared war on Germany and Austria-Hungary - May 8, 1918 Panama: Declared war on Germany - April 7, 1917 & Declared war on Austria-Hungary - Dec 10, 1917 Peru: Severed relations with Germany - Oct 6, 1917 Uruguay: Severed relations with Germany - Oct 7, 1917

ALLIED POWERS CENTRAL POWERS NEUTRAL COUNTRIES

Involvement in the Americas Reasons for Involvement: WWI disrupted the markets for Latin America’s goods and made it difficult to import necessary manufactured products –Threat of submarine warfare As a result, local labor and capital shifted from agriculture to manufacturing in order to produce these necessary goods Declines in price levels of Latin America’s exports encouraged a further growth in manufacturing –Encouraged by U.S. Although manufacturing increased, industrialization was almost completely limited to light consumer good industries –Remained high poverty rates Impact of Involvement: The U.S. will emerge from WWI as the world’s principal industrial and financial power, and replaced England as the major source of foreign investments in Latin America Continuing the “big stick” and “dollar diplomacy” policies of their predecessors, Democratic and Republican administrations used armed intervention and economic pressure to expand U.S. control over the Caribbean area. By the end of the period, there was deep Latin American resentment of these strong-arm tactics Countries push for total economic and political independence

WWI Homefront Preparation and Effects in the Americas

War Effort at Home The U.S. prepared for war in multiple ways. In groups you are going to read about a specific action the U.S. took during WWI. As you read, decide on the most important concepts. As a group, you will teach the class about your topic. They will be taking a couple notes so make sure you are clear and confident about your topic!

War Effort at Home Liberty Bonds Rationing Victory Gardens The Draft Internal Fear Women