The Historical View of Atomic Structure Continued.

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Presentation transcript:

The Historical View of Atomic Structure Continued

What is an Atom?  The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of the element.

Dalton’s Billiard Ball Model

Dalton’s Five Part Model  Elements are made of extremely small particles called atoms.  Atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, and other properties; atoms of different elements differ in size, mass, and other properties.  Atoms cannot be subdivided, created, or destroyed.  Atoms of different elements combine in simple whole-number ratios to form chemical compounds.  In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged.

J.J. Thompson  Late 1890’s Plum Pudding Model  Contribution: Atoms are divisible (a negative charge exists)  Evidence/Method: Cathode ray tube experiments r_embedded&v=XU8nMKkzbT8

J. J. Thompson's Atomic Model

Robert Millikan  1909  Contribution: Accurate charge of an electron  Evidence/Method: Oil drop experiment  micStructure/Millikan.htm micStructure/Millikan.htm

Ernest Rutherford  1911  Contribution: Atoms are mostly empty space with a central positive mass he called the nucleus  Evidence/Method: Gold foil experiment  omicStructure/RutherfordTutorial.htm omicStructure/RutherfordTutorial.htm

Rutherford’s Atomic Model

James Chadwick  1932  Contribution: Discovered the neutron, the neutral particle in the nucleus of the atom,  Evidence/Method: He did this by bombarding atom’s nuclei with alpha particles. In doing this he could study the structure of the atoms nucleus.  Structure/Chadwick.htm Structure/Chadwick.htm

Chadwick’s Atomic Model

Acknowledgements o Image Source Page: o  John Dalton’s Atomic Model  10/unit-a/lesson-2-atomic-theory/ 10/unit-a/lesson-2-atomic-theory/  J. J. Thompson’s Atomic Model   Chadwick’s Atomic Model 