BARCODE AND FISH DIVERSITY IN AMAZONIA: THE CASE OF THE ELECTRIC FISH TRIBE STEATOGENINI Alves-Gomes, J. A. & Schmitt, R. Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology.

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Presentation transcript:

BARCODE AND FISH DIVERSITY IN AMAZONIA: THE CASE OF THE ELECTRIC FISH TRIBE STEATOGENINI Alves-Gomes, J. A. & Schmitt, R. Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Brazil Potential of DNA Barcode in South America Campinas, March 19-20, 2007

AnotophysiOtophysi Ostariophysi CypriniformesCharaciformesSiluriformesGymnotiformes Gonorhynchiformes Series Superorder

GYMNOTIFORM’S ELECTROGENIC AND ELECTROSENSORY SYSTEMS (EES)

GYMNOTIFORMES 6 PULSE TYPE ELECTROPHORIDAE RHAMPHICHTHYIDAE HYPOPOMIDAE GYMNOTIDAE A. Batistella, 2003 R. Bernhard, 2003 LFC WAVE TYPE R. Bernhard, EIGENMANNIDAE STERNOPYGIDAE APTERONOTIDAE ELECTRIC ORGAN DISCHARGES (EODs)

EODs are species specific Crampton & Hopkins 2005

Hypopygus Steatogenys Distocyclus Archolaemus Eigenmannia Sternarchorhamphus Orthosternarchus Sternarchella Sternarchogiton Adontosternarchus A. leptorhynchus A. albifrons Rhabdolichops Brachyhypopomus Microsternarchus Rhamphichthys Gymnorhamphichthys Sternopygus Electrophorus Gymnotus Eigenmanniidae Apteronotidae Hypopomidae Ordem Siluriformes Sternopygidae Electrophoridae Gymnotidae FamilyGenera Rhamphichthyidae Phylogeny of Gymnotiformes Steatogenini

Hypopygus lepturus Hoedeman 1962 Steatogenys elegans Steatogenys duidae Steatogenini until the early 90’s

Nijssen & Isbrüker 1972 Color patterns in Hypopygus

Hypopygus neblinae Mago-Leccia 1994 Hypopygus lepturus Hoedeman 1962 Steatogenys Steatogenini during the 90’s

Hypopygus neblinae Mago-Leccia 1994 Hypopygus lepturus Hoedeman 1962 Stegostenopos cryptogenes Triques 1997 Steatogenys Steatogenini during the 90’s / today

Phylogeography in the rio Negro Basin

STUDY AREA – COLLECTION SITES (Fonte: SigLab, Imagem de Satélite – Mr. Sid) Irurabi Ibará Carabixi Jaradi Mabarrá Iahá Quimicuri Aduiá

21a

8e R. Bernhard, 2004

Steatogenys sp. Hypopygus lepturus Stegostenopos cryptogenes R. Bernhard, a

DNA ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES: Maximum Parsimony (MP) Maximum Likelihood (ML) Distance RAG 1 D

A C D Steatogenys H. lepturus RAG 1 MP/ML/Dist Stegostenopus Hypopygus neblinae

12S16S Strict of ML/MP/Dist A C E D H. neblinae Stegostenopus Steatogenys H. lepturus

D E H. neblinae S. elegans H. lepturus D-loop MP/HKY 85/ML D-loop MP/ML/Dist

-Is COI a good gene to detect the variation in electric fish? - Can we BARCODE them?

Eigenmannia sp. COI - BARCODE MP H. lepturus A C D E H. neblinae Stegostenopus

Final considerations - The Amazon fish biodiversity has been historically underestimated; - COI can detect the intra- and inter-specific variation in Steatogenini; - COI appears to be an efficient marker for electric fish species identification: we can BARCODE electric fish; - The link between a padronized method (Barcode), biological collections and data management can benefit our general knowledge about biodiversity; - BARCODE can be a important tool for biodiversity and conservation issues; - CNPq funds for a project to barcode electric fish.