Building Blocks for the Future: Making Controlled Vocabularies Available for the Semantic Web Dr. Barbara B. Tillett Chief, Policy & Standards Division Library of Congress For the Texas Library Association Conference April 13, 2011

DBpedia National Library of Sweden Linked Data LCSH VIAF

Internet “Cloud” Databases, Repositories Web front end Services 3

Internet “Cloud” Web front end Services VIAF Databases, Repositories LCSH 4

5 VIAF Objectives  Facilitate exposure of authority data  Reduce cataloging costs  Simplify authority control (creation and maintenance) internationally  Provide authority data in form, language, and script users want

6 Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich, Tschaikowski, Peter I. Čajkovskij, Petr Il'ič Chai ̆ kovski, P. I Чайковский, Петр Ильич,

7 VIAF: The Virtual International Authority File Original VIAF partners  Library of Congress (LC) Library of Congress  Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (DNB) Deutsche Nationalbibliothek  Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) Bibliothèque nationale de France  OCLC - host  Virtually combining the name authority files of all institutions into a single name authority service. 

8 Virtual International Authority File  Matches names across 21 authority files of 18 institutions  13 million name records  10 million personas  4.5 million clusters Based on KSY Cooperative Identities Hub, CEAL

9 National Library of Australia National Library of the Czech Republic Bibliotheca Alexandrina (Egypt) Library of Congress/NACO Getty Research Institute Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Bibliothèque nationale de France National Library of Israel Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico (Italy) Biblioteca National de Portugal Biblioteca Nacional de España National Library of Sweden Swiss National Library Vatican Library NUKAT Center (Poland) Library and Archives Canada NII (Japan) National Széchényi Library (Hungary)

10 Current Status  Available as linked data with URIs (Universal Resource Identifiers)  Unicode throughout  MARC 21, UNIMARC, and RDF supported  Usage tripled this last year Thousands of visits daily

Enhancing the Authorities Bibliographic Record Derived Authority Record Enhanced Authority 11

Mining the Bibliographic Record LDR 00638ncm a a s1965 oruuua n eng 10 $a $a DLC $c DLC 019 $a $c $ $a $b Matrix Publ. Co $b d $b d $b va01 $b ve01 $a ka $a M1258 $b.L $a Leigh, Mitch, $d $a The man of La Mancha / $c by Mitch Leigh & Joe Darion; arr. By Roland Barrett & Alan Keown. 260 $a Springfield, OR : $b Matrix Publ. Co., $c c $a 1 score (16 p.) ; $c 18 x 27 cm. 500 $a Brief record $a Musicals $x Excerpts $a Leigh, Mitch $x Musical settings $a Darion, Joe. Authors LC Control Number LC Classification Title Material Type Publisher Place of Publication Language Date of Publication Usage

Derived Authority Record 00505cz a n xlc OCoLC n|acannaab|n aaa c $a OCoLC $b eng $c OCoLC $f viaf $a Leigh, Mitch $a $a the man of la mancha $a matrix publ co $a oru $a mitch leigh $a eng $a $a 196x $a cm $a darian, joe $d All text is normalized Subjects are grouped into broad subject areas Material type is coded Publication date is by decade Coauthor

Enhanced Authority Record 00505cz a n oca n| acannaab| |n aaa ||| 3 10 $a n $a DLC $c DLC $d DLC $a Leigh, Mitch, $d $a the man of la mancha, c1966: $b t.p. (Mitch Leigh) $a $ $a $ $a impossible dream $ $a century library of music and sound by mitch leigh $ $a matrix publ co $ $a kapp $ $a oru $ $a mitch leigh $ $a eng $ $a 234 $ $a 196x $ $a 197x $ $a cm $ $a darian, joe $d $ $a wasserman, dale $9 1

15 Information in Bibliographic Records  He writes music  His primary subject area is music  He was published in the 1960s and 1970s by Matrix Publ. Co. in Oregon and Kapp in New York  Worked with Joe Darion and Dale Wasserman  Mitch Leigh is the only name he has used on his publications  Etc.

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17 viaf.org

Cervantes Saavedra, Miguel de 1547 Cervantes de Salazar, Francisco, ca Cervantes, Cervantes Juan, Cervantes, Ignacio, Cervantes, Juan de, Cervantès, François, Cervani, Giulio, Cervantes, María Antonieta Cervantes de Haro, fl As viewed Nov. 1, 2010 cer

Cervantes

Preferred Forms

Cervantes

MARC 21 Cervantes

RDF Cervantes

30 VIAF and Catalogers Use as a reference tool: To resolve conflicts, questionable dates, forms of name, etc. Cite as source in 670 $a, for example: BNF in VIAF, date searched Nat. Lib. of Australia in VIAF, date searched LAC in VIAF, date searched

31 Next steps for VIAF  Better searching  More “Linked data” Related persons as in WorldCat Identities, Wikipedia, etc.  Participants beyond libraries Rights management agencies, Publishers Museums, Archives  More name types Corporate and Family names Uniform titles Geographic names … not topical terms

32 SKOS  Simple Knowledge Organization System “Provides a model for expressing the basic structure and content of concept schemes such as thesauri, classification schemes, subject heading lists, taxonomies, folksonomies, and other similar types of controlled vocabulary”—SKOS Primer

33 SKOS  Based on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) Resources can be exchanged between software applications and published on the Web Interconnects data on the Web, helping create the Semantic Web

34 id.loc.gov/authorities  “Authorities & Vocabularies” from the Library of Congress  Intent: To provide human and programmatic access to commonly found standards and vocabularies developed by LC

35 “Authorities & Vocabularies”  LCSH was the first offering Subject headings Genre/form headings Children’s subject headings Subdivision records Validation records  Provides links from LCSH headings to RAMEAU headings Exploring Répertoire de vedettes- matière (RVM) and others

36 “Authorities & Vocabularies”  Also includes: Thesaurus for Graphic Materials (TGM) MARC geographic area codes MARC language codes MARC relator codes Preservation Events … etc.

37 “Authorities & Vocabularies”  Benefits Servers can download entire controlled vocabularies and the values within them, in multiple formats Available for free on the Web

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41  URI for specific LCSH records/ concepts: id.loc.gov/authorities/[LCCN] For example: id.loc.gov/authorities/sh “Authorities & Vocabularies”

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44  Contact information Content of site: Libby Dechman, Technical questions: Larry Dixson, “Authorities & Vocabularies”

45 Controlled Vocabularies / Registry  Free on the Web at the Open Metadata Registry

Carrier type

URI

RDA Carrier Types URI

RDA Linked Data Don Quixote Madrid, 1979 English Spanish French German Cervantes Library of Congress Copy 1 Green leather binding Exemplary novels Wasserman The Man of La Mancha Text Movies … Derivative works Subject created

51 RDA Linked Terms for Languages Don Quijote Madrid, 1979 Inglés Español Francés Alemán Cervantes Library of Congress Copia 1 Encuadernación en piel color verde Novelas Ejemplares Wasserman The Man of La Mancha Texto Películas … Obras derivadas Materias

Internet “Cloud” Web front end Services VIAF Databases, Repositories LCSH

iPhone apps to connect to libraries via WorldCat (OCLC)  Pic2shop app MHiuaDXipWQ MHiuaDXipWQ  RedLaser app Dv1cAYR5wc&feature=related Dv1cAYR5wc&feature=related 49