Test Coming Up Chapter 18: Moving West STUDY GUIDE Key Terms: culture, ethnocentrism, culture diffusion, reservations, vaqueros Check your Binders: Components of Culture Chart Plains Indians notes Plains Indians Way of Life Ends Mining Cowboys Homesteaders Farming and Populists   Know and Understand: The Components of Culture How the Native American way of life came to an end How mining, cattle ranching and the railroads changed the appearance of the west The Homestead process and the life of people on the frontier  **There will be a map of cattle drives and railroads on the test**

Notes: Text pgs. 590-592 & 602-605 Pony Express Transcontinental RR The Great Race Golden Spike The National Grange Deflation/Free Silver Movement Populist Party The End of the Frontier

Chapter 18 Notes: Railroads  Pony Express – messengers on horseback that brought information out west (1860’s)   Transcontinental Railroad – a railroad that would cross the continent from East to West The Great Race – a competition by the Union Pacific and Central Pacific companies to complete the transcontinental railroad, ended in Promontory Utah at the Golden Spike The Golden Spike – a symbol of where the two new railroad lines would meet What were conditions like for railroad workers? Low pay, long hours, using explosives, dangerous weather conditions What sad irony exists between the Chinese railroad workers in the 1800’s and some immigrant workers today? They took dangerous and low paying jobs because the pay and conditions were still better than their mother countries. How did the railroad affect the development of the west and the economy? Provided many jobs, transported people/goods, shortened travel times, encouraged settlement

Chapter 18 Notes: Politics (page 602 - 605)   National Grange – social and educational organization for farmers Populist Movement – called for the government to own railroads and telegraph and telephone systems Why did the Populist Party want the government to own railroads and telegraph and telephone systems? To help control prices Do you think farmers were successful in bringing about economic change and political change?  Explain. Yes, Interstate Commerce Act ensured fair rates. No, their financial recovery was very slow. Why did the frontier cease to exist in the United States? Americans had settled all of the frontier land and there was no more open range left.

I’ve Been Workin’ on the Railroad