Revisiting Primary Sources June Preszler TIE

Outcomes Identify various types of primary sources applicable to content areas Locate (free) primary source materials via the Internet Consider ways primary sources might enhance classroom content Select one document, photograph or artifact that could be used within individual content areas

Is It Primary? Primary sources are the "materials on a topic upon which subsequent interpretations or studies are based, anything from firsthand documents such as poems, diaries, court records, and interviews to research results generated by experiments, surveys, ethnographies, and so on.“ Primary sources are records of events as they are first described, without any interpretation or commentary. They are also sets of data, such as census statistics, which have been tabulated, but not interpreted. From Hairston, Maxine and John J. Ruszkiewicz. The Scott, Foresman Handbook for Writers. 4th ed. New York : HarperCollins College Publishers, 1996, pg. 547.

Or Is It Secondary? Secondary sources, on the other hand, offer an analysis or a restatement of primary sources. They often attempt to describe or explain primary sources. Some secondary sources not only analyze primary sources, but use them to argue a contention or to persuade the reader to hold a certain opinion. Examples of secondary sources include: dictionaries, encyclopedias, textbooks, and books and articles that interpret or review research works. From Hairston, Maxine and John J. Ruszkiewicz. The Scott, Foresman Handbook for Writers. 4th ed. New York : HarperCollins College Publishers, 1996, pg. 547.

Primary Secondary Original artwork Slave diary Poem Ft. Laramie Treaty Videotape of a theatrical performance Critique of artwork Book about Underground Railroad Treatise on the poetry genre Essay on Native American land rights Biography of the playwright mary.html

Which It It? Mountains of History Video by TIE Media Services Women Behind the Carving women_behind_the_carving.wmv women_behind_the_carving.wmv

In the News 3-minute pause Identify and reflect on some of the primary source documents that have made headlines in the last two weeks

Why Use Primary Sources? Develop critical thinking skills… Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, Detroit Publishing Company Collection. The Close of a Career in New York

Why Use Primary Sources? Understand all history is local Acquire empathy for the human condition Consider different points of view Understand the continuum of history

American Memory from the Library of Congress line/index.html line/index.html

Authentic History

Exploratorium The Museum of Science, Art and Human Perception ex.html ex.html

Journey North

Kathy Schrock’s Content Area List

Mathematical Possibilities Eye Spy Math in American Memory douts/EyeSpyFiles/EyeSpyMathFeb05.ppt #1 CIESE: Real Time Data Projects rowthproj /

The Music Within Us _music_kit.php _music_kit.php html html

National Archives Central Plains Region:

Putting It All Together Learning Page Professional Development Learning Page Evaluating Primary Sources ml Creating and Using Primary Source Sets Recreating American Memory Materials for Off-Line Use akeit_takeit.doc

From EduPlace ml ml

Primary Source Hotlist /listdocumentpa.html#cat1 /listdocumentpa.html#cat1

Primary Source Pathfinder rimary.html rimary.html

Primary Source Repository collections/Other.Repositories.html collections/Other.Repositories.html

University of Berkeley Guides/PrimarySourcesOnTheWeb.html Guides/PrimarySourcesOnTheWeb.html

Using Historical Resources in Math rete rete

Using Primary Sources on the Web tory/RUSA/ tory/RUSA/

Voyages of Discovery rimary.html rimary.html

What Could You Do? Consider the various forms of primary sources that we’ve identified and looked at today. What is one way you could use primary source materials in your classroom before the school year ends?

We Want Them to Think We want our students to question and think, to inquiry and imagine the worlds of yesteryear and possibilities of the future. But what happens when we don’t give our students the opportunity to think, reflect, imagine? Seinfeld, the high school history teacher, provides a glimpse of a classroom without primary sources and without inquiry in this clip from SNL.