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2 Rise of the Ottoman Empire Nomadic tribesmen turned conquerors “Some conquered territories fell to the Ottomans by force, others fell by choice.” Taxation for non-Muslims Roaming Nomadic Turks join growing Ottoman Empire...

3 How to: Build an Empire Step 1- Conquer vast and valuable territories- ex. Constantinople Step 2- Find a way to use conquered peoples to your advantage- ex. Architecture, art, and urban living tips(Bursa) Step 3- Be fair and just with the conquered- ex. Suleiman’s tax and law system

4 How to: Build an Empire, part 2 Step 4- Be accepting/knowledgeable of other religions  devshirme system established loyalty and unity; helped create janissary forces  dhimmis to millets are a practice of religious tolerance but also an example of autonomous control Step 5- Have an army that is rivaled throughout the civilized world. ex. gunpowder and fast moving moving archers

5 Emergence and Rise of the Safavid Empire Reign- late 1400s-1740s Shi’i Islam state religion Did not allow other branches of Islam - conflict erupts between Sunni and Shi’ite Muslims Sunni population of Ottoman empire was persecuted

6 How to: Build an Empire Step 1- COPY and ADAPT Borrowed Ottoman model of government and foreign policy  “Janissaries-style” military force  Borrowed elements of culture from those they conquered Demand for Persian carpets contribute to golden age Ishafan came to rival Delhi and Istanbul

7 Safavid Culture Lasting legacy is providing a “home base” for Shiism Originally owed their rise to Turkish Sufis but came to favor conservative Persian landowners Shah Abbas commissioned for beautification projects for art, architecture, literature

8 Mughal Empire Present day India Practiced religious tolerance  No tax on non-Muslims under Akbar’s reign  Hindus allowed to serve in government  Land ownership reformed  Language influenced by other cultures—Urdu, Hindi

9 Expanded to almost 1 million square miles Fatephur Sikri – short lived capital city for Akbar Akbar fascinated by religious debate Jigar Fortress had world’s largest cannon Great engineers, especially for water Greatest cultural achievement: Taj Mahal (1630)

10 Must keep up with the Joneses Very difficult to rule over wide areas and disloyal provinces Ruling parties killing off sibling rivals By late 1600s, no interest in naval supremacy British growing in strength and influence…