Insert Histogram Here

Draw A Histogram of Summarizing 100 Mutations

E)-My graph not shown A) B) C) D)

INSERT HISTOGRAM OF STUDENT RESPONSE HERE

Put A Tick Mark Where A Mutation Happens for 15 Mutations

ABCABC D) My graph is not shown

A) B) C)

Dystrophin mutation rate is 100 times higher than other genes: why so high? A)

Dystrophin mutation rate is 100 times higher than other genes: why so high? A) B) C) D) E) None of the explanations listed

Gene Length Mutation rate per gene A)B) C)D) E) My graph is not shown

Why such a high mutation rate for dystrophin? Gene is 2.4 Mb long Average normal gene is 10,000-20,000 bases 2,000,000/20,000 = 100 times longer than normal gene

Consequences of A Large Gene Many “disease” alleles that cause muscular dystrophy

Observed Distribution Torella et al Journal of Molecular Dynamics 12: 65-73

Consequences of A Large Gene Many “disease” alleles that cause muscular dystrophy Detected in domesticated organisms –Why not from individuals in the wild? VIDEO of MD Phenotype

Polar Bears Number of New Alleles Per Generation A)Less than 1 B)Between 1 and 10 C)Between 10 and 100 D)Between 100 and 1000 E)More than 1000

Polar Bears Calculate the expected number of new mutant alleles in a population given the following data: µ = per gene per generation Population size = 20,000 Total number of genes = 2 x 20,000 = 40,000 New alleles each generation = 40,000 x to 40,000 x New alleles each generation = 0.04 to 0.4 diploid

Humans Number of New Alleles Per Generation A)Less than 1 B)Between 1 and 10 C)Between 10 and 100 D)Between 100 and 1000 E)More than 1000

Humans Calculate the expected number of new mutant alleles in a population given the following data: µ = per gene per generation Population size = 7,000,000,000 Total number of genes = 2 x 7,000,000,000 = 14,000,000,000 New alleles each generation = 14,000,000,000 x to 14,000,000,000 x New alleles each generation = 14,000 to 140,000

Gut E. coli Number of New Alleles Per Generation A)Insert student answer B)Insert student answer C)Insert student answer D)Insert student answer E)None of the above

E. coli Calculate the expected number of new mutant alleles in a population given the following data: µ = per gene per generation Population size per human = 10 grams/1 x cells/g = cells Total number of genes = 7 x 10 9 x = 7 x New alleles each generation = 7 x x to 7 x x New alleles each generation = 7 x to 7 x ….or 70,000,000,000,000,000 new alleles born per gene per generation