1. Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
Molecular Basis for
Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
genotype
DNA
DNA sequence
transcription
RNA
translation
amino acid
sequence
protein
function
phenotype
organism

2. Gene Sites Sensitive to Mutation
null if splice junction is affected
no effect if mutation is in the middle of the intron or not the branch point
Refer to Figure 2-13, Griffiths et al., 2015.

3. Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
Molecular Basis for
Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
genotype
DNA
DNA sequence
transcription
RNA
translation
amino acid
sequence
protein
function
phenotype
organism

4. Complementation Analysis
Allelic Non-Allelic
m m2
m m2
Cis
Trans
Wild-type Wild-type m2 m2 m m
Mutant Wild-type
Mutant alleles complement if wild-type phenotype results when two haploid genomes carrying different mutations are united in the same cell.

5. How many loci are represented here?
Mutant I X Mutant II F1 a b c d e f o + + o o + a + o + + + + b + + o + + o c o + + o o + d o + + o o + e + + o + + o f