Www.carbon14.pl AP Biology Dendrochronology Tree Dating Lab.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Natures Weather Logs 5 th Grade Science 5.8A and 5.9A.
Advertisements

Tree Cookies. They're round. They're full of fiber. But unless you're a termite, you can't eat tree cookies! Tree cookies are cross sections of tree trunks.
How Trees Provide Evidence about Past Climate. Short explanation of Dendrochronology.
Climate Change: Past, Present and Future. Warm up: 1.Sketch a graph (Global Temperature vs. Time) for the past 20,000 years and predict how climate has.
 14 C  13 C 2H2H2H2H  18 O Mariusz Fogtman and Anna Pazdur Silesian University of Technology Department of Radioisotopes
Section 9.1 Discovering Past Climates
Past Climate Reconstruction and Climate Proxies. Note: This slide set is one of several that were presented at climate training workshops in Please.
Introduction to Dendrochronology Lab Instructor: Ellis Margolis BBTRB room 321.
DENDROCHRONOLGY. General Principles In most trees, new water and food-conducting cells are added to the outer perimeter of the trunk at the start of each.
PRINCIPLES OF DENDROCHRONOLOGY Set of principles or “scientific rules” Some are specific to dendrochronology –Tree selection Others are basic to many disciplines.
Unit 10 - Great Basin National Park and Lehman Caves Great Basin National Park’s Wheeler Peak, Nevada--Caves, Bristlecones, and the Age of the Earth Diagram.
Paleoclimatology Investigative Science. What is Paleoclimatology? Paleoclimatology is the study of climate prior to the widespread availability of records.
“Learning from Tree Rings” Earth2Class Workshops for Teachers Guest Scientists: Caroline Leland and Mukund Palat Rao 20 Sep 2014.
Climate Change Global Warming Greenhouse Effect
Discovering Past Climates
Dendrochronology.
The natural durability of wood, as interpreted in this text, signifies its ability to resist the attacks of foreign organisms, i.e., fungi, insects, and.
Characteristics of the Plant Kingdom 1.Plants can make their own food; they are autotrophs you know! 2. Plants have many cells with walls; we call them.
21.3 – Absolute Age Dating. Absolute Age Dating Enables scientists to determine the numerical age of rocks and other objects.
Annotated and Abbreviated Core Presentation
Plant structure - cells, tissue, organisation & growth Leaves and photosynthesis C 4 photosynthesis CAM photosynthesis Plant water relations Plants and.
Possibly from logging upstream? The Use of Dendrochronology to Date Pinus strobus Stumps and Examine the Influence of Climate on Radial Tree Growth Douglas.
Temperate Forests. Climate Named for their occurrence at Mid- Latitudes Extreme fluctuations in daily and seasonal temperatures and precipitation.
Plant Support and Transport
Tree Rings 6 th grade science Aprende Middle School.
Intro to Tree Rings January 10.
Predicting Past Climates Huzaifa and Shajee. We will talk about: Predicting Past Climates: Ice Cores Record temperature data by trapping gases such as.
How Trees provide Evidence about past Climate. Short explanation of Dendrochronology.
Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewStems THINK ABOUT IT While choosing items at a salad bar, you add some sliced water chestnuts, bamboo shoots, asparagus,
3.5 – Records of Past Climates Tree Rings, Fossils Coral Reefs, & Ice Cores.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell.
AP Biology Plant Growth Chapter 35. AP Biology Indeterminate growth  Unlike animals most plants grow throughout their life  annuals  life cycle within.
Proxy Measures of Past Climates Current Weather Current Weather Finish Cryosphere Finish Cryosphere Significance of Climate Proxies Significance of Climate.
DENDROCHRONOLOGY. What is dendrochronology? Dendrochronology:  ology: the study of  chronos: time, or more specifically events in past time  dendros:
Secondary Growth Chapter 5. Secondary Growth Secondary growth is an increase in girth of a plant initiated by cell divisions in lateral meristems. In.
INTRODUCTION TO TREE RINGS & DENDROCHRONOLOGY Main Points for Lecture: Tree Rings –Describe tree cross section –Why tree rings vary –Principles of dendrochronology.
Purpose: How do we use dendrochronology?
STEMS. SO WHAT DO WE ALREADY KNOW????? Stems exist for three reasons To produce leaves, branches and flowers To hold leaves up to the sunlight To transport.
Intro to Tree Rings January 9. Important Reference
Tree Rings Can Tell You Things About Climate Change.
Tree Growth Dendrology - study of trees Dendrochronology - study of tree rings.
Dendrology: Tree Parts and Functions
Tree Cookies! They're round. They're full of fiber. But unless you're a termite, you can't eat tree cookies! Based on:
Day 3 Driving Questions 1.Why do we need to study past climate? 2.How can we reconstruct past climate?
Studying Past Climates
STUDYING PAST CLIMATES. STUDYING CLIMATE IN THE PAST Paleoclimatologists study past climates They use Proxy records; which are stores of information in.
Studying Past Climates
Lesson Overview 23.3 Stems. Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewStems THINK ABOUT IT While choosing items at a salad bar, you add some sliced water chestnuts,
Intro to Tree Rings January 9. Dendrochronology Aka Tree-ring dating The study of the chronological sequence of annual growth rings in trees The science.
Parts of Tree.
Tree Cookies! They're round. They're full of fiber. But unless you're a termite, you can't eat tree cookies! Based on:
Climate and Weather Suzana J. Camargo. Weather.
What makes a good argument? Make a list of things you think contribute to a convincing argument.
Chapter 9 Addressing Climate Change. Discovering Past Climates People have been recording weather data for only a few hundred years. To learn about what.
“Learning from Tree Rings” Earth2Class Workshops for Teachers
January 14, 2013 Class : Table of contents: pg 9
Lab #1 Using Tree Rings to Study Past Climate
Clues to Past Climate Change
Studying Past Climates
“Learning from Tree Rings” Earth2Class Workshops for Teachers Guest Scientist: Nicole Davi 15 January 2011 In today’s E2C Workshop, Nicole Davi will.
Types of Fossils Chapter 2.1.
Investigative Science
Grade 6 – Trees and Forests
RMS TIME IS FOR READING.
Types of Fossils Chapter 2.1.
Tree Structure.
Secondary Growth.
Paleoclimate Proxies A proxy is a natural data set that mimics an environmental change, e.g. increased tree ring width and increased temperature and moisture.
Primary Growth and Secondary Growth
Tree rings (Dendrochronology)
Presentation transcript:

AP Biology Dendrochronology Tree Dating Lab

Want to understand climate? Ask a tree who was there! Dendrochronologist study annual growth rings of old trees to learn about past environmental changes. By combining living and dead wood scientists can extend tree-ring paleoclimatology records back hundreds to thousands of years.

What are tree-rings? Trees expand in width by the division of cells in a thin layer underneath the bark Some cells add to the bark, but most add to the wood These “xylem” cells carry water and minerals from the roots Only one ring grows each year Age of a tree can be determined by analyzing rings

Why does ring width vary? Environmental factors will cause rings to be narrower or wider. These include: –Drought or abundant rainfall –Saturated soils –Insect, fungus, or other diseases –Volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, or other natural disasters

Human activities may also affect ring width For example, the impact of solution-brine mining in the Finger Lakes region of New York State is preserved in these tree rings.

TREE TREE SAMPLING TREE SLICE SAMPLING Increment borer Collection of the tree slice Tree core TREE CORE SAMPLING

Principle of Limiting Factors The rates of plant processes are constrained by the primary environmental variable that is most limiting. Most often this is precipitation. But at higher latitudes, it may be temperature. One illustration of this principle is shown in the next slide.

The tree on the right shows greater impact from variations in rainfall than the one growing on flatter ground where rain collects.

INSIDE THE TREE Tree ring width varies of tree ring width and climatic conditions Seasonal patterns: –Early wood Large, thick-walled cells –Late wood Small, densely-packed, thin-walled cells –Together = an annual growth ring Mean width of rings dependant on: tree species, age, availability of stored food, & climate

Cross-section of the tree trunk.

How old is this tree? Years old! Year 5 was very dry Year 3 was very rainy If this three was cut down in 2006, it was planted in 1999

Microscope view of pine (Pinus Sylvestris) slice. This part shows annual tree growths close to tree pith. PithBark UNDER THEMICROSCOPE

PithBark

In some cases tree growths are very thin (e.g. during the drought). In this picture annual growths with very small width 0.3 – 0.8 mm are shown. PithBark UNDER THE MICROSCOPE

Use tree bore samples You will use two tree bore samples for the last part of this lab Tree bores provide data without cutting down the tree If you have more than one bore (or beam), you can overlap them to see where growth ring patterns match

Principle of Cross-Dating Matching patterns from several trees increases the ability to identify the year in which a tree started to grow or died.

You are now ready to try dendrochronology on your own! The tree ring photos for the lab are online in the chapter 35 resources Tree bore sample are on your desk