Landform Geography Fluvial Landforms.

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Presentation transcript:

Landform Geography Fluvial Landforms

Stream Gradation Streams evolve to carry just the amount of sediment produced by their drainage basin

Meandering Stream Stream carrying mostly suspended load usually has deep channel curving side-to-side

Evolution of a Graded Stream Base Level – lowest level at which a stream can erode its channel bed – can rise & fall with changes in sea or land level

Niagara Falls Upstream (Lake Erie) 571 ft elev Downstream (Lake Ontario) 243 ft elev Has retreated almost 7 miles in past 12,000 yrs

Development of Graded Stream with Wide Floodplain

Development of Graded Stream with Wide Floodplain

Stream Meandering

Oxbow Lake

Floodplain Features

Alluvial Fans Created by alluvial aggradation in areas of high relief where bedload- dominated streams flow out of mts onto plain – stream sweeps side to side over time, making fan shape – most common in desert climates

Common Drainage Pattern Types

Drainage Density Total length of all streams Drainage Density = Area of drainage basin

Stream Ordering Represents stream size Smallest streams in basin order 1 – order rises when 2 streams of same order come together at confluence

Hydraulic Variables

Mississippi River Floods - 1993

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