1 Sergeants Time TrainingVisitorsBook

2 Water Purification and Collection

3 NameRank SectionDate Visitors Sign-In Sheet

4 NameRank SectionDate Sign-In Sheet

5 Task, Conditions and Standards Task: Find and provide enough water to survive in any environment Task: Find and provide enough water to survive in any environment Condition: Given a field environment using all available equipment. Condition: Given a field environment using all available equipment. Standards: Within allotted time setup an Above Ground Still, a Below Ground Still and a Filtration Device. Standards: Within allotted time setup an Above Ground Still, a Below Ground Still and a Filtration Device. Sources: FM Sources: FM 21-76

6 Water Sources Naturally occurring water sources Naturally occurring water sources Surface water Surface water Precipitation Precipitation Subsurface water Subsurface water Indicators of possible water Indicators of possible water Abundant vegetation Abundant vegetation Drainage and low-lying areas Drainage and low-lying areas Large clumps of plush grass Large clumps of plush grass Animal trails Animal trails

7 Water Collectio n

8 Above Ground Still Conditions Conditions Sunny Slope Sunny Slope Clear Plastic Bag Clear Plastic Bag Green Leafy Vegetation Green Leafy Vegetation Small Rock Small Rock

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10 Above Ground Still Construction Construction Fill bag with air by turning the opening into the breeze or by scooping air into the bag Fill bag with air by turning the opening into the breeze or by scooping air into the bag Fill the plastic bag half to three-fourths full of green leafy vegetation. Be sure to remove all hard sticks or sharp spines that might puncture the bag. Fill the plastic bag half to three-fourths full of green leafy vegetation. Be sure to remove all hard sticks or sharp spines that might puncture the bag.Caution Do not use poisonous vegetation. It will provide poisonous liquid. Place small rock or similar item in the bag Place small rock or similar item in the bag

11 Close bag and tie the mouth securely as close to the end of the bag as possible to keep the maximum amount of air space. If you have a piece of tubing, a small straw, or a hollow reed, insert one end in the mouth of the bag before you tie it securely. Then tie off or plug the tubing so that air will not escape. This tubing will allow you to drain out condensed water without untying the bag. Close bag and tie the mouth securely as close to the end of the bag as possible to keep the maximum amount of air space. If you have a piece of tubing, a small straw, or a hollow reed, insert one end in the mouth of the bag before you tie it securely. Then tie off or plug the tubing so that air will not escape. This tubing will allow you to drain out condensed water without untying the bag. Place the bag, mouth downhill, on a slope in full sunlight. Position the mouth of the bag slightly higher than the low point of the bag. Place the bag, mouth downhill, on a slope in full sunlight. Position the mouth of the bag slightly higher than the low point of the bag. Settle the bag in place so that the rock works itself into the low point in the bag. Settle the bag in place so that the rock works itself into the low point in the bag. Above Ground Still

12 To get water from still, loosen the tie around the bag’s mouth so that the water collected around the rock will drain out. Retie the mouth securely and reposition the mouth securely and reposition to allow further condensation. To get water from still, loosen the tie around the bag’s mouth so that the water collected around the rock will drain out. Retie the mouth securely and reposition the mouth securely and reposition to allow further condensation. Change the vegetation in the bag after extracting most of the water from it. This will ensure maximum output of water. Change the vegetation in the bag after extracting most of the water from it. This will ensure maximum output of water. Above Ground Still

13 Below Ground Still Conditions Conditions Digging Tool Digging Tool Container Container Poncho Poncho Drinking Tube Drinking Tube Rock Rock

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15 Below Ground Still Dig bowl-shaped hole about 1 meter across and 60 cm deep Dig bowl-shaped hole about 1 meter across and 60 cm deep Dig a sump in the center of the hole. The sump will be the size of the container that you are using Dig a sump in the center of the hole. The sump will be the size of the container that you are using Anchor the tubing to the container’s bottom Anchor the tubing to the container’s bottom Place the container upright in the sump Place the container upright in the sump Extend the unanchored end of the tubing up, over, and beyond the lip of the hole Extend the unanchored end of the tubing up, over, and beyond the lip of the hole

16 Below Ground Still Place the poncho over the hole, covering the poncho with soil to hold it in place. Place the poncho over the hole, covering the poncho with soil to hold it in place. Place a rock in the center of the poncho. Place a rock in the center of the poncho. Lower poncho into the hole until it is about 40cm below ground level. Make sure the rock is directly over the container. Lower poncho into the hole until it is about 40cm below ground level. Make sure the rock is directly over the container. Place soil around poncho to hold it securely and prevent loss of moisture. Place soil around poncho to hold it securely and prevent loss of moisture. Plug the tube when not in use so that moisture will not evaporate. Plug the tube when not in use so that moisture will not evaporate.

17 If polluted water is your only source of moisture, dig a small trough outside the hole about 25cm from the still’s lip. Dig the trough about 25cm deep and 8cm wide. Pour the polluted water in the trough. If polluted water is your only source of moisture, dig a small trough outside the hole about 25cm from the still’s lip. Dig the trough about 25cm deep and 8cm wide. Pour the polluted water in the trough. You will need at least three stills to meet individual daily water needs. You will need at least three stills to meet individual daily water needs. Below Ground Still

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19 Water Purificati on

20 Water Purification Purify water from lakes, ponds, swamps, springs or streams, especially if the water is near human settlements or in the tropics. Purify water from lakes, ponds, swamps, springs or streams, especially if the water is near human settlements or in the tropics. Purify water by Purify water by Purification tablets Purification tablets Iodine Iodine Boiling water Boiling water

21 Water Purification By drinking non-potable water you may contract diseases or swallow organisms that can harm you such as By drinking non-potable water you may contract diseases or swallow organisms that can harm you such as Dysentery Dysentery Cholera and Typhoid Cholera and Typhoid Flukes Flukes Leeches Leeches

22 Water Filtration

23 Water Filtration Devices If water is muddy, stagnant, and foul smelling, you can clear the water by If water is muddy, stagnant, and foul smelling, you can clear the water by Placing it in a container and letting it stand for 12 hours Placing it in a container and letting it stand for 12 hours By pouring it through a filtering system By pouring it through a filtering system Place several centimeters or layers of filtering material such as sand, crushed rock, charcoal in bamboo, a hollow log or an article of clothing. Place several centimeters or layers of filtering material such as sand, crushed rock, charcoal in bamboo, a hollow log or an article of clothing.

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25 AAR

26 Packing List ALICE Pack ALICE Pack LBE (2 1-Quart Canteens Full) LBE (2 1-Quart Canteens Full) Kevlar (In ALICE Pack) Kevlar (In ALICE Pack) E-Tool E-Tool 2-Quart Canteen (Full) 2-Quart Canteen (Full) Soft Cap Soft Cap Poncho Poncho Cold Weather Gear Cold Weather Gear Wet Weather Gear Wet Weather Gear