HAPPY THURSDAY Turn in your “Classification Trees” to the front table. Make sure all names are on the back. Circle the name of the person who took it home. Bellwork: Copy the question and your answer for the following 2 questions. 1. Which of the following changes to deer in a certain area is most likely the result of genetic drift? A.Two populations of deer, separated by geography, continue to remain a single species. B.The overall genetic variation of the deer population increases over several generations. C.Changes in the deer allow them to take advantage of a new food source introduced into their habitat. D.Climate change in a particular area causes many of the deer to die. 2. The process of natural selection can cause a population to change its traits over time. With this in mind, what does the process of natural selection directly work on? A.genotype B.individual alleles C.phenotype D.the genome

HAPPY THURSDAY Turn in your “Classification Trees” to the front table. Make sure all names are on the back. Circle the name of the person who took it home. Bellwork: Copy the question and your answer for the following 2 questions. 1. Which of the following changes to deer in a certain area is most likely the result of genetic drift? A.Two populations of deer, separated by geography, continue to remain a single species. B.The overall genetic variation of the deer population increases over several generations. C.Changes in the deer allow them to take advantage of a new food source introduced into their habitat. D.Climate change in a particular area causes many of the deer to die. 2. The process of natural selection can cause a population to change its traits over time. With this in mind, what does the process of natural selection directly work on? A.genotype B.individual alleles C.phenotype D.the genome

HAPPY THURSDAY Turn in your “Classification Trees” to the front table. Make sure all names are on the back. Circle the name of the person who took it home. Bellwork: Copy the question and your answer for the following 2 questions. 1. Which of the following changes to deer in a certain area is most likely the result of genetic drift? A.Two populations of deer, separated by geography, continue to remain a single species. B.The overall genetic variation of the deer population increases over several generations. C.Changes in the deer allow them to take advantage of a new food source introduced into their habitat. D.Climate change in a particular area causes many of the deer to die. 2. The process of natural selection can cause a population to change its traits over time. With this in mind, what does the process of natural selection directly work on? A.genotype B.individual alleles C.phenotype D.the genome

Essential Question: Why is taxonomy both important and helpful to the scientific community? Standard: 8A – Define taxonomy and recognize importance of taxonomic system.

I. Classification Biologists have identified and named about 1.5 million species so far. They estimate that between 2 and 100 million have yet to be discovered.

Biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner. A. Taxonomy: how scientists classify organisms and assign each organism a universally accepted name.

Scientists don’t refer to organisms by their common names because it is too confusing. Because 18 th -century scientists understood Latin and Greek, they used those languages for scientific names.

8 Confusion in Using Different Languages for Names copyright cmassengale

9 Scientific Names are Understood by all Taxonomists copyright cmassengale

1. Scientists use a scientific name so they can be certain that everyone is discussing the same organism.

2. Organisms are placed into groups based on how similar they are to each other.

3. Carolus Linnaeus: the scientist who developed a two-word naming system for organisms. a. It is called binomial nomenclature.

b. The first part of the scientific name is the organism’s genus. c. The second part of the scientific name is the organism’s species.

d. How to write the scientific name: 1. First word is always capitalized 2. Second word is always lowercase 3. Both words are either underlined or italicized.

15 Binomial Nomenclature Which TWO are more closely related? copyright cmassengale

B. Linnaeus’s hierarchical system of classification includes eight levels. From largest to smallest they are: Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Memorize This!!!

17 Does Does Katy Katy Perry Perry Come Come Over Over For For Good Good Soup? Soup? copyright cmassengale

1. Each of the levels is called a taxon. a. Species is the smallest taxon. b. Domain is the largest taxon.

C. Phylogeny is the study of evolutionary relationships between organisms. 1. Biologists group organisms into categories that represent lines of evolutionary descent, not just physical similarities. This is called evolutionary classification.

All organisms use DNA or RNA to pass on information and to control growth and development.

The genes of many organisms show important similarities at the molecular level. 2. Similarities in DNA can be used to help determine classification and evolutionary relationships. 3. The more similar the DNA sequences of two species: a. the more recently they shared a common ancestor b. the more closely they are related.

D. The six kingdoms in the classification system are: 1. Eubacteria 2. Archaebacteria 3. Protista 4. Fungi 5. Plantae 6. Animalia

Debrief