Ultra-trace Mercury Monitoring in Air

Company History Founded in 1989 to develop custom instrumentation for environmental analysis Founded in 1989 to develop custom instrumentation for environmental analysis Developed first mercury product in 1993 Developed first mercury product in 1993 Have since become world leaders in this growing market Have since become world leaders in this growing market Products sold in more than 30 countries Products sold in more than 30 countries

Why Measure Parts Per Quadrillion of Mercury ? Mercury is one of the most potent neuro- toxins known Mercury is one of the most potent neuro- toxins known Bio-accumulates up the food chain by factors of greater than 10,000,000 Bio-accumulates up the food chain by factors of greater than 10,000,000 Levels are increasing worldwide Levels are increasing worldwide Long life in the atmosphere means that mercury emissions are of global concern Long life in the atmosphere means that mercury emissions are of global concern

Sources of Mercury Mining & smelting (gold) Mining & smelting (gold) Waste incinerators Waste incinerators Battery manufacturing Battery manufacturing Fluorescent lamps (manufacturing & disposal) Fluorescent lamps (manufacturing & disposal) Chlor-alkali plants (pulp & paper) Chlor-alkali plants (pulp & paper) Coal fired power plants Coal fired power plants

Client Base Governments (environmental monitoring) Governments (environmental monitoring) Universities & research institutions Universities & research institutions Mercury polluters Mercury polluters Commercial analytical laboratories Commercial analytical laboratories Power generation utilities Power generation utilities

Before Tekran Model 2537A Traditional methods of atmospheric monitoring required manual sampling for long periods. (hours or days) Traditional methods of atmospheric monitoring required manual sampling for long periods. (hours or days) Subsequent analysis usually performed in a clean room environment Subsequent analysis usually performed in a clean room environment

Manual Ambient Air Sampling

Manual Cartridge Analysis

Model 2537A Analyzer

Model 2537A Mercury Analyzer Provides continuous TGM readings with update rate as low as 2.5 minutes Provides continuous TGM readings with update rate as low as 2.5 minutes Detection limit < 0.1 ng/m 3 ( 12 ppq ) Detection limit < 0.1 ng/m 3 ( 12 ppq ) Automatic recalibration with internal permeation source Automatic recalibration with internal permeation source Capable of unattended operation for extended periods Capable of unattended operation for extended periods

Flow Diagram of Model 2537A

Chlor-Alkali Plant - USA Plot of wind vs ambient mercury values Plot of wind vs ambient mercury values Two months of continuous monitoring Two months of continuous monitoring Plant is located 18 miles distant Plant is located 18 miles distant Fish consumption advisories in effect Fish consumption advisories in effect

Depletions of Mercury in the Arctic

Companion Products Model Zero Air Generator Model Zero Air Generator Eliminates need for separate zero air source Eliminates need for separate zero air source Model Two Port Sampler Model Two Port Sampler Mercury flux measurement Mercury flux measurement Model Standard Addition Unit Model Standard Addition Unit QA/QC tool QA/QC tool

Companion Products Model 1130 – Reactive Gaseous Mercury Model 1130 – Reactive Gaseous Mercury RGM speciation unit differentiates between ionic (Hg 2+ ) and elemental (Hg 0 ) forms RGM speciation unit differentiates between ionic (Hg 2+ ) and elemental (Hg 0 ) forms Model 1135 – Particulate Mercury Model 1135 – Particulate Mercury Monitors fine fraction (<2.5 um) particulate bound mercury Monitors fine fraction (<2.5 um) particulate bound mercury Detection limits of each unit: <2 pg/m 3 Detection limits of each unit: <2 pg/m 3

Mercury Monitoring in the Field  Tekran analyzers are used routinely in some of the harshest locations on earth.  The equipment has demonstrated its ruggedness and reliability in countless applications.