Adjustable prediction-based reversible data hiding Source: Authors: Reporter: Date: Digital Signal Processing, Vol. 22, No. 6, pp.941-953, 2012 Chin-Feng.

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Presentation transcript:

Adjustable prediction-based reversible data hiding Source: Authors: Reporter: Date: Digital Signal Processing, Vol. 22, No. 6, pp , 2012 Chin-Feng Lee and Hsing-Ling Chen Wan-Yu Lu 2012/12/19

2 Outline Introduction Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme The proposed scheme – Embedding phase – Extraction and recovery phase Experimental results Conclusions

3 Introduction Data hiding is referred to as a process to hide some information data into cover media. The data hiding schemes can be generally classified into two categories: - Irreversible data hiding - Reversible data hiding Reversible data hiding schemes can be classified into two categories: - Difference expansion scheme (DE-based) - Histogram-based

4 Introduction Embedding Cover image Stego-image Extraction Secret message Reversible data hiding

Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (1/10) Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (1/10) Pre-processing: LKLeft-side scan sequenceRight-side scan sequence Overhead [27] H.W. Tseng, C.P. Hsieh, Prediction-based reversible data hiding, Information Sciences 179 (2009) 2460–2469

Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (2/10) Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (2/10) Pixel value prediction: Cover image Embed T=

Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (3/10) Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (3/10) Embedding - Case 1 : Cover image T= W=0 W=1

Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (4/10) Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (4/10) Embedding - Case 2 : Cover image T=

Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (5/10) Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (5/10) Embedding - Case 3 : Cover image T=

Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (6/10) Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (6/10) Extracting: Watermarked image T=

11 Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (7/10) Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (7/10) Extracting - Case 1 : Watermarked image T=

12 Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (8/10) Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (8/10) Extracting - Case 2 : Watermarked image T=

13 Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (9/10) Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (9/10) Extracting - Case 3 : Watermarked image T=

14 Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (10/10) Related work – Tseng and Hsiehs’ scheme (10/10) Post-processing : Watermarked image T= LKLeft-side scan sequenceRight-side scan sequence Overhead Cover image

15 The proposed scheme(1/11) Related work v.s Proposed scheme : Tseng and Hsieh’s scheme Proposed scheme Prediction value (P) = ( )/2 =

The proposed scheme(2/11) Pre-processing: Cover image Cover image

17 The proposed scheme(3/11) Embedding phase: Cover image T=0 S= Rule 1: d ≦ T

18 The proposed scheme(4/11) Embedding phase: Cover image T=0 S=1 Rule 2: d > T

19 The proposed scheme(5/11) Embedding phase: Cover image T=0 S=1 Rule 2: d > T

20 The proposed scheme(6/11) Embedding phase: Cover image T=0 S=1 Rule 2: d > T 0

21 The proposed scheme(7/11) Extraction and recovery phase: Stego-image T=0 Rule 2: d’ > 2 x T + 1

22 The proposed scheme(8/11) Extraction and recovery phase : Stego-image T=0 Rule 2: d’ > 2 x T + 1

23 The proposed scheme(9/11) Extraction and recovery phase : Stego-image T=0 Rule 2: d’ > 2 x T + 1

24 The proposed scheme(10/11) Extraction and recovery phase : Stego-image T= Rule 1: d’ ≦ 2 x T + 1

The proposed scheme(11/11) Post-processing: Stego-image Cover image

26 Experimental results (1/14) Amount of overhead information associated with different thresholds

27 Experimental results (2/14) Embedding rate versus image quality of all tested images with various thresholds. Embedding rate

28 Experimental results (3/14) Embedding rate versus image quality of all tested images with various thresholds. Image quality

29 Experimental results (4/14) Histograms of prediction-errors for test images “Lena” and “Baboon” obtained using Tseng and Hsieh’s scheme (T = 5).

30 Experimental results (5/14) Histograms of prediction-errors for test images “Lena” and “Baboon” obtained using the proposed scheme (T = 5).

31 Experimental results (6/14) dB and 0.99 bpp dB and 0.71 bpp 48.6 dB and 0.2 bpp 47.9 dB and 0.06 bpp

32 Comparisons of embedding rates (bpp) of proposed scheme and that of Tseng and Hsieh. Experimental results (7/14)

33 Comparisons of image quality (dB) of Tseng and Hsieh’s and the proposed schemes with the same embedding capacity. Experimental results (8/14)

34 Experimental results (9/14) Comparisons of embedding rates (bpp) of proposed scheme and that of Tseng and Hsieh at difference thresholds.

35 Experimental results (10/14) Comparisons of image quality (dB) of Tseng and Hsieh’s and the proposed schemes with the same embedding capacity.

36 Experimental results (11/14) (a)MR_liver_t1 (b)MR_ped_chest (c)MR_sag_head Capacity versus distortion performance of proposed and other schemes for test images: (a) Lena

37 Experimental results (12/14) Capacity versus distortion performance of proposed and other schemes for test images: (b) F16

38 Experimental results (13/14) Capacity versus distortion performance of proposed and other schemes for test images: (c) Baboon

39 Experimental results (14/14) Capacity versus distortion performance of proposed and other schemes for test images: (d) Boats

40 Conclusions Flexibility and scalability. - A lower threshold yields a higher visual stego-image quality. - A higher threshold yields a higher embedding rate. To solve underflow and overflow. To Increase the embedding rate and reduce image distortion.

Thanks for your attention !