Smolt Monitoring Program: Overview and Data Collection Brandon R. Chockley SMP Pre-Season Meeting February 20,

Goals of the SMP Provide real-time data on juvenile salmonids to Fisheries Managers in support of in-season management decisions Provide real-time data on juvenile salmonids to Fisheries Managers in support of in-season management decisions Provide a time-series of data for evaluation of effects of changing conditions on fish migration (timing, survival, travel time). Provide a time-series of data for evaluation of effects of changing conditions on fish migration (timing, survival, travel time). Implement Gas Bubble Trauma Monitoring Program Implement Gas Bubble Trauma Monitoring Program Implement 11 RPA’s from 2014 Biological Opinion Implement 11 RPA’s from 2014 Biological Opinion 2

Three Components of the SMP 1.PIT-tag marking at Hatcheries  Wells Hatchery (WDFW) – CH0  Leavenworth NFH (USFWS) – CH1  Priest Rapids (WDFW) – CH0  Dworshak NFH (USFWS/NPT) - ST 2.PIT-tag marking at Traps and Rock Island  Imnaha River Trap (NPT) – CH1 and ST  Grande Ronde River Trap (ODFW) – CH1 & ST  Snake River Trap (IDFG) – CH1 & ST  Salmon River Trap (IDFG) – CH1 & ST  Rock Island Dam (Chelan PUD) – CH1, CH0, ST, SO 3

Target PIT-tag Totals for SMP  Cooperation with Comparative Survival Study  Wild CH1 from traps are pre-assigned to 70% Monitor-Mode and 30% Return-to-River  Wild ST from traps are pre-assigned to 50% Monitor-Mode and 50% Return-to-River  Hatchery ST from DWOR NFH are pre-assigned to 70% monitor-mode and 30% Return-to-river Site Wild ST Hatch. ST Wild CH1 Hatch. CH1 Hatch. CH0 Unk. CH1 Unk. CH0 Unk. SO GRNTRP 1,2003,6002,8001,400 RI2BYP 1,2002,800 4,0004,8003,400 SALTRP 1,4003,4003,2004,000 SNKTRP 1,4003,6002,8003,600 IMNTRP 5,00010,000 DWOR NFH 1,500 WELH 6,000 PRDH 3,000 LEAV NFH 15,000 4

Three Components of the SMP 3.Fish sampling at SMP Traps & Bypass Facilities  Snake Basin Traps: Imnaha River Trap (NPT), Grande Ronde River Trap (ODFW), Salmon River Trap (IDFG), Snake River Trap (IDFG),  Snake Bypass Facilities: Lower Granite Dam (WDFW/PSMFC), Little Goose Dam (ODFW), Lower Monumental Dam (WDFW/PSMFC)  Upper Columbia Bypass Facility: Rock Island Dam (Chelan PUD)  Lower Columbia Bypass Facilities: McNary Dam (WDFW/PSMFC), John Day Dam (PSMFC), Bonneville Dam (PSMFC) 5

Fish Sampling Data Collection Daily sample of target juvenile salmonids and lamprey Daily sample of target juvenile salmonids and lamprey Daily sample of incidental species Daily sample of incidental species Descaling and mortality data on target species Descaling and mortality data on target species Daily condition subsample (COE bypass facilities) Daily condition subsample (COE bypass facilities) Weekly GBT monitoring (all bypass facilities except JDA) Weekly GBT monitoring (all bypass facilities except JDA) 6

Daily Sample of Target Species Daily sample target of 300 to 500 target salmonids per day Daily sample target of 300 to 500 target salmonids per day Sample rate(s) adjusted to accommodate this target Sample rate(s) adjusted to accommodate this target  Sample rate may be adjusted to accommodate research There are some sample rate considerations to remember (more later) There are some sample rate considerations to remember (more later) 7

2015 Sampling Schedule and Data Collection – Bypass Facilities SiteWhen SamplingData Collected LGR 3/26-10/31 (24-hr, every day) Samples of target salmonids and lamprey Descaling and mortality on target species Samples of incidentals Condition subsample o Salmonids only at LGR, LGS, & LMN o Salmonids and Lamprey at MCN GBT Monitoring o Once-per-week at LGR, LGS, & LMN o Twice-per-week at MCN LGS 4/1-Start of Transport ??-hr,every-other-day (??-hr, every-other-day) Start of Transport – 10/31 (24-hr, every day) LMN 4/1-4/11 (??-hr, every-3 rd -day (??-hr, every-3 rd -day) 4/12-Start of Transport ??-hr,every-other-day (??-hr, every-other-day) Start of Transport – 10/1 (24-hr, every day) MCN Early April-10/1 (24-hr, every-other-day) 8

2015 Sampling Schedule and Data Collection – Bypass Facilities SiteWhen SamplingData Collected JDA 4/1-9/15 (24-hr, every day) High Temps (6-hr, twice-per-week) Samples of target salmonids and lamprey Descaling and mortality on target species Samples of incidentals Condition subsample on salmonids and lamprey (JDA and BON only) Twice-per-week GBT (BON and RIS Only) BON ~3/5-10/31 (24-hr, every day) High Temps (24-hr, every-other-day) RIS 4/1-8/31 (24-hr, every day) 9

2015 Sampling Schedule and Data Collection – Traps SiteWhen SamplingData Collected Salmon River Trap (WTB) ~3/5-~5/26 (5 days per week) Samples of target salmonids and lamprey Descaling and mortality on target species Samples of incidentals PIT-tagging o Hatchery and wild Chinook and steelhead at WTB, LEW, GRN o Wild Chinook and steelhead at IMN Snake River Trap (LEW) ~3/5-~5/26 (7 days per week) Grande Ronde River Trap (GRN) ~3/5-~5/26 (7 days per week) Imnaha River Trap (IMN) SMP reporting: ~early March-mid-July (7 days per week) 10

Sample Rate Considerations  Maximum sample rate of 25% at Lower Columbia River sites (BON & JDA)  Higher rate is possible under certain circumstances (e.g., research, GBT?)  Avoid using sample rates between 12% and 25% whenever possible  Avoids impacts to sample accuracy  Minimizes impacts to PIT-tag studies near the divert during sample (DDS) trigger of 20%. 11

Sample Rate Considerations 2.8% and 7.5% of sample rates in 2013 and 2014, respectively, used sample rates between 12% and 24% 12

Sample Rate Considerations  Avoid 0.6%, 0.67%, 0.7%, 1.5%, 3.0%, 7.0%, and 15% sample rates whenever possible  Reduces potential for rounding errors in reports 7.9% and 10.4% of Sub-batches in 2013 and 2014, respectively, used these sample rates 13

Information to Collect on Target Species (Salmonids and Lamprey) Species identification Species identification Special species (salmonids only) Special species (salmonids only) Marks, clips, and tags (salmonids only) Marks, clips, and tags (salmonids only) Detailed condition data (discuss later) Detailed condition data (discuss later) Descaling (salmonids only) Descaling (salmonids only) Mortality Mortality 14

Information to Collect on Smolts Species Identification Salmonid identification – Use the PSMFC publication “Columbia River Basin Juvenile Fish Field Guide”. Salmonid identification – Use the PSMFC publication “Columbia River Basin Juvenile Fish Field Guide”.  FPC has copies or contact Rick for copies Lamprey identification – Use USFWS guide Lamprey identification – Use USFWS guide  Available on FPC FTP web-site (ftp://ftp.fpc.org/FPC32.net/Manuals/Lamprey%2 0ID%20card.pdf) ftp://ftp.fpc.org/FPC32.net/Manuals/Lamprey%2 0ID%20card.pdfftp://ftp.fpc.org/FPC32.net/Manuals/Lamprey%2 0ID%20card.pdf 15

Species – Chinook (CH) 16

Species – Chinook (CH) Cont’d…  Holdover (HO) - used for yearling Fall Chinook; typically >160mm and typically observed in April and May  Lyons Ferry (LF) – used for yearling fall Chinook reared at Lyons Ferry Hatchery and released from Lyons Ferry Hatchery or at acclimation sites above Lower Granite Dam. This code should only be used at Snake River sites that can positively identify Lyons Ferry releases.  Fry (FR) – used for Chinook < 60 mm (Age Code = 0)  Three Special Species Codes are applicable to Chinook 17

Species – Steelhead (ST) Only applicable Special Species Code for steelhead is Eroded Fin (EF) Only applicable Special Species Code for steelhead is Eroded Fin (EF) EF is used only with unclipped steelhead if the dorsal fin or paired fins are clearly eroded as a result of hatchery rearing. EF is used only with unclipped steelhead if the dorsal fin or paired fins are clearly eroded as a result of hatchery rearing. May encounter Rainbow trout - use the less streamlined shape and the non-silvery color characteristics to identify rainbow trout and enter these as Incidental Species May encounter Rainbow trout - use the less streamlined shape and the non-silvery color characteristics to identify rainbow trout and enter these as Incidental Species 18

Species – Sockeye (SO) Only applicable Special Species Code for sockeye is Fry (FR) Only applicable Special Species Code for sockeye is Fry (FR) (≤60 mm) In general, sockeye ≥200 mm are considered kokanee and should be entered as Incidental Species, UNLESS they are clipped, CWT, and/or PIT-tagged In general, sockeye ≥200 mm are considered kokanee and should be entered as Incidental Species, UNLESS they are clipped, CWT, and/or PIT-tagged  Exception to this at RIS Sockeye >450 mm (18 inches) should be considered adult sockeye fallbacks and entered as Incidental Species Sockeye >450 mm (18 inches) should be considered adult sockeye fallbacks and entered as Incidental Species 19

Species – Coho (CO) Only applicable Special Species Code for coho is Fry (FR) Only applicable Special Species Code for coho is Fry (FR) (≤ 60 mm) 20

Species – Lamprey Juveniles 21

Clips, Marks, and Tags Clips – Adipose, right ventral, left ventral, or any combination Clips – Adipose, right ventral, left ventral, or any combination  Clips are recorded in Catch Detail and touch screen CWT – LGR, LGS, LMN, and traps will examine all unclipped Chinook (CH1 & CH0), coho and sockeye for coded-wire-tags. CWT – LGR, LGS, LMN, and traps will examine all unclipped Chinook (CH1 & CH0), coho and sockeye for coded-wire-tags.  CWT are recorded in Catch Detail and touch screen  Try to avoid false CWT scans on PIT-tags EL – In 2015 ALL SMP dam sites will collect elastomer data on Yearling Chinook and Steelhead EL – In 2015 ALL SMP dam sites will collect elastomer data on Yearling Chinook and Steelhead  EL are recorded in Mark/Recap 22

Descaling Examine all non-condition fish for descaling (except fry and lamprey juveniles) Examine all non-condition fish for descaling (except fry and lamprey juveniles) Non-condition fish are either descaled (>20% on 1 side) or not descaled. Non-condition fish are either descaled (>20% on 1 side) or not descaled. No additional information about presence or absence of predator marks required for non- condition fish. No additional information about presence or absence of predator marks required for non- condition fish. 23

Mortality sample tank/room mortalities and GBT mortalities that died after being removed from the separator. Do NOT examine morts for descaling. Sample Morts - sample tank/room mortalities and GBT mortalities that died after being removed from the separator. Do NOT examine morts for descaling.  All Sample Morts should be scanned for PIT-tags  If PIT-tagged “Mort” should be uploaded to PTAGIS  Mort with PIT-tag should be disposed of in a route that does not have a PIT-tag detection (or PIT-tag removed) facility related mortalities (e.g. transportation raceways, separator morts.) Facility Morts - facility related mortalities (e.g. transportation raceways, separator morts.) - fish taken out of the SMP sample and sacrificed by non-SMP researchers. For example, mortalities from acoustic telemetry marking should be entered as Research Mortalities. Research Morts - fish taken out of the SMP sample and sacrificed by non-SMP researchers. For example, mortalities from acoustic telemetry marking should be entered as Research Mortalities. mortalities due to SMP PIT tagging operations (only applicable at tagging sites). PIT-tag Morts - mortalities due to SMP PIT tagging operations (only applicable at tagging sites). 24

SMP Protocols, Data Entry Programs and Manuals Fish Passage Center FTP site provides links to updates SMP protocols and manuals and newest versions of data entry programs:   Protocols and Manuals: SMP - ftp://ftp.fpc.org/FPC32.net/Manuals/ftp://ftp.fpc.org/FPC32.net/Manuals/ GBT - ftp://ftp.fpc.org/GBT/ftp://ftp.fpc.org/GBT/   Pre-season Meeting Presentations: ftp://ftp.fpc.org/FPC32.net/Preseason%20Present ations/ ftp://ftp.fpc.org/FPC32.net/Preseason%20Present ations/   Data Entry Programs: FPC32.net - ftp://ftp.fpc.org/FPC32.net/ftp://ftp.fpc.org/FPC32.net/ GBT.net - ftp://ftp.fpc.org/GBT/ftp://ftp.fpc.org/GBT/ 25