The Constitution grants three types of powers: Expressed Implied Inherent Directly expressed Or stated in The Constitution The powers to Carry out the Expressed powers Powers exercised By virtue of sovereignty Chapter 4, Sect 1

Most are found in the 1 st three articles Of the Constitution. Some examples are: Levy and collect taxes Coin money Make War Raise an Army And Navy Regulate Interstate Commerce These are also called Enumerated Powers! Chapter 4, Sect 1

The Reserved Powers Powers Chapter 4, Sect 1

Expressed, Implied & Inherent Powers & Inherent PowersConcurrentPowersReservedPowers Regulate foreign & interstateRegulate foreign & interstate commerce commerce Coin MoneyCoin Money Provide Army & NavyProvide Army & Navy Declare WarDeclare War Est. Federal Courts belowEst. Federal Courts below Supreme Supreme Conduct foreign relationsConduct foreign relations Exercise powers implied fromExercise powers implied from express powers express powers Levy TaxesLevy Taxes Borrow MoneyBorrow Money Spend for GeneralSpend for General Welfare Welfare Establish CourtsEstablish Courts Enact & Enforce LawsEnact & Enforce Laws Regulate IntrastateRegulate Intrastate Commerce Commerce Establish Local Gov’ts.Establish Local Gov’ts. Administer ElectionsAdminister Elections Establish CourtsEstablish Courts Protect Public Health,Protect Public Health, Welfare, & Morals Welfare, & Morals Division of Federal & State Powers National Govt. National & State Govt. National & State Govt. State Govt. Chapter 4, Sect 1

Congress may not tax exports, & cannot not interfere with the operation of state governments... with the operation of state governments... States may not make treaties or alliances with foreign governments, nor can they coin money, or grant titles of nobility... Chapter 4, Sect 1

Admission of New States Congress has power to admit new states Congress has power to admit new stateslimits: 1. may not take territory from other states without their consent 2. subject to presidential veto Congress must pass an Enabling Act Congress must pass an Enabling Act Allows interested territory to prepare a constitution Allows vote on constitution Submits to Congress for approval & admission Chapter 4, Sect 1

We are one nation Interstate Relations - We are one nation Article IV - 1. Full faith & credit- each state must recognize the laws & judicial proceeding of every other state. Applys only to civil laws 2. Privileges & Immunities- no unreasonable discrimination against citizens of another state (reasonable non-resident rules are allowed, ex. Voting, college tuition credits, etc.) 3. Extradition- criminals returned from one state to state where crime was committed. Interstate Compacts- written agreements between states to settle differences without the use of force Chapter 4, Sect 2

Developing Federalism States right position - States right position - -Favors state and local action in dealing with problems -Believe Constitution is a compact between states -State & local governments are closer to the people -Supreme Court Justice – Roger B. Taney championed states’ rights -In 1980’s Ronald Regan attempted to move dozens of Federal programs back to state control Nationalist position - Nationalist position - -Favors national action in dealing with problems -Believe people of US created Constitution, not states -National Government not subordinate to states Chapter 4, Sect 3

Developing Federalism Massive growth in size and power of the Federal Government War Powers of Congress amplified due to world conditions War Powers of Congress amplified due to world conditions Commerce Power – expanded definition of commerce allows Commerce Power – expanded definition of commerce allows greater regulation Taxing Power – creates greater resources for federals. Taxing Power – creates greater resources for federals. 16 th Amendment Federal Aid to States – allows Feds to exercise control within Federal Aid to States – allows Feds to exercise control withinstates Chapter 4, Sect 3

Chapter 4, Sect 4 Federalism & Politics Federalism & Public Policy – 1.Affects how & where (state or fed) new policies are created 2.Introduces limits on Gov’t policy making Having 50 states allows possibility of 50 different policies for same programs – innovation -Georgia pioneered 18 yr olds vote, became 26 th Amendment -Colorado instituted sunset laws, which require periodic checks on agencies to assess continued need. Federalism & Political Parties – -different parties may hold control at different levels in gov’t. - Allows opportunities for participation (due to both local & national positions