1. The Federal System
Chapter 4

2. Division of Powers
Constitution gives the federal government certain powers
All other powers go to the states

3. National Powers Expressed—stated directly in the Constitution
Collect tax, coin money, raise an army
Implied—necessary to carry out expressed powers
Tax codes, draft soldiers, design money
Basis: elastic clause/ necessary and proper clause
Inherent—simply because they are the government
Immigration, diplomacy

4. The States and the Nation
Reserved powers—specifically given to the states
Supremacy Clause—sets the Constitution as supreme law over any state law
Concurrent powers are shared by both levels of government (tax, borrow money, establish courts)
Constitution specifically denies certain powers

5. Guarantees to the States
Each state is guaranteed a republican form of government
Guaranteed protection from foreign invasion and domestic violence
Territorial integrity—federal government will not take territory without permission

6. Admission of New States
Congress has the power to admit new states
Enabling Act—prepare a constitution
People approve constitution and submit it to Congress
Congress admits the new state
Last territory to consider statehood was Puerto Rico in 1993
Once admitted to the Union, a state is equal to all other states

7. Supreme Court as Umpire
Supreme Court settles disputes between the nation and the states
McCulloch vs. Maryland— precedent of favoring the national government in disputes

8. Honors Project
Description: Choose a state, write a short essay explaining its admittance into the Union, including a Works Cited page. You will present your work on a poster. Paper: 1 complete page; 12 pts. Times New Roman or Helvetica; double-spaced MLA format (I will not accept your paper if you don't follow MLA format) (owl.english.purdue.edu) WORKS CITED page use parenthetical citations (at least 3) Poster: Normal size poster Include: state map, motto, seal, population, year admitted Staple to poster You will be graded on content, requirements and neatness. Due: 12/16 by 3:15 pm

9. Relations Among the States
Under Articles of Confederation - Nat’l Gov’t had little power to force states to get along 1. strengthened nat’l gov’t 2. set up “legal ground rules”

10. Interstate Relations
A. Full Faith and Credit - States are required to give “full faith and credit” to provisions of other states ( public acts, records, & judicial proceedings)
Applies only to civil laws (those dealing with individuals) (public acts)
Records – mortgages, deeds, licenses, etc.
Judicial proceedings – court acts
ex: I can’t move to another state to avoid paying a fine/debt in a different state.

11. B. Privileges and Immunities – you don’t lose citizenship rights when in another state than the one in which you live States may discriminate against non-residents - voting - serving on juries - holding public office - in-state vs. out-of-state tuition

12. C. Extradition – return of fugitives &/or criminals to the state where they were charged Governor responsible to return criminal Fleeing is federal crime – How does that help relations b/t states?

13. Settling Disputes
Interstate Compacts – written agreements between two or more states
- must be approved by Congress
- enforced by Supreme Court
2. Lawsuits b/t states can only be settled in Supreme Court

14. Developing Federalism
States’ Rights
Nationalists
View the Constitution as a compact among the states
Believe that the federal government is not subordinate to any state

15. Exclusive Powers National Government has 3 exclusive powers:
Declare war
Regulate commerce
Tax incomes (federal)
Income tax has become the major source of revenue for the federal government

16. Federal Aid to States
States must compete for their share of federal money
The Southeast traditionally gets high federal revenue; Midwest tends to be towards the bottom