MATTER COS #2

I CAN I CAN INVESTIGATE MATTER TO PROVIDE MATHEMATICAL EVIDENCE TO SHOW THAT REGARDLESS OF TYPE OF REACTION OR CHANGE THAT OCCURS THE TOTAL MASS OF THE MATTER IS CONSERVED.

CHEMICAL REACTIONS PHYSICAL CHANGES READ THE “CHANGE BROTHERS” PHYSICAL CHANGES DOES NOT CHANGE CHEMICAL MAKE-UP SIZE * SHAPE * STATE OF MATTER CHEMICAL CHANGES A NEW SUBSTANCE IS FORMED CHEMICAL BONDS ARE BROKEN OR FORMED BURNING *CHANGE IN COLOR *HEAT/LIGHT *RUST

STATES OF MATTER DEPENDS ON THE MOVEMENT AND SPACING OF ITS PARTICLES

SOLID PARTICLES ARE CLOSELY PACKED, EXCEPT WATER HAS A DEFINITE SHAPE PARTICLE ARE CLOSE TOGETHER, NO MATTER WHAT CONTAINER YOU PUT IT IN, IT KEEPS THE SAME SHAPE HAS A DEFINITE VOLUME EVEN IF YOU SQUEEZE IT OR COMPRESS IT, IT STILL HAS THE SAME VOLUME – THE AIR POCKETS ARE CLOSED UP SQUEEZE A PILLOW

LIQUID PARTICLES ARE STILL CLOSER TOGETHER BUT HAVE ROOM TO MOVE AROUND HAS A DEFINITE VOLUME NO MATTER WHAT CONTAINER YOU PUT IT IN YOU STILL HAVE THE SAME AMOUNT (VOLUME) HAS NO DEFINITE SHAPE LIQUID WILL TAKE THE SHAPE OF THE CONTAINER IT IS IN PARTICLES ARE NOT SO CLOSE TOGETHER, THEREFORE THEY CAN CHANGE SHAPE *ANY SUBSTANCE THAT CAN FLOW FREELY IS CALLED FLUID ACTIVITY: MEASURE WATER/POUT INTO DIFFERENT SHAPE CONTAINERS/MEASURE AGAIN

GAS PARTICLES ARE SPREAD FAR APART NO DEFINITE SHAPE THE PARTICLES MOVE ABOUT FREELY AND ARE CONSTANTLY BOUNCING OFF EACH OTHER BECAUSE PARTICLES CAN MOVE ABOUT GASES ARE “FLUID” NO DEFINITE VOLUME GASES HAVE A LOWER DENSITY THAN SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS WHICH ALLOWS THEM TO FLOAT GASES CAN BE COMPRESSED TO FIT INTO CONTAINERS, THEREFORE TAKING ON THEIR SHAPE AND VOLUME

CHANGES IN STATES PHYSICAL CHANGES

FREEZING/BOILING WHEN ENERGY IS ADDED TO A SOLID ITS TEMPERATURE WILL RISE TO A CERTAIN POINT AND IT WILL MELT WHEN ENERGY IS REMOVED FROM A LIQUID IT DROPS TO A FREEZING POINT AND TURNS INTO A SOLID WATER FREEZING POINT 0C/32F BOILING POINT 100C/212F WORKSHEET

VAPORIZATION/CONDENSATION CHANGE A LIQUID TO A GAS ADDING ENERGY TO A LIQUID MAKES THE PARTICLES SPEED UP, RAISING THE TEMPERATURE. AT SOME POINT THE PARTICLES WILL BREAK APART, SPREADING OUT AND BECOMING A GAS RAPID VAPORIZATION IS CALLED “BOILING” A SLOW OR GRADUAL VAPORIZATION IS CALLED “EVAPORATION” AND TAKES PLACE ON THE SURFACE OF A LIQUID “CONDENSATION” IS WHEN ENERGY IS REMOVED FROM A GAS TURNING IT INTO A LIQUID SWEAT ON A WATER GLASS *BREATHE OUT ON A COLD DAY

SUBLIMATION/DEPOSITION “SUBLIMATION” DIRECTLY TURNING FROM A SOLID TO A GAS “DRY ICE” IS SOLID CARBON DIOXIDE” – WHEN IT MELTS IT IS NOT WET “DEPOSITION” CHANGE FROM A GAS TO A SOLID ENERGY IS REMOVED FROM THE GAS AND PARTICLES SLOW DOWN, UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS THE GAS WILL TURN INTO A SOLID FROST – WHEN TEMP REACH THE FREEZING POINT, WATER VAPOR IN THE AIR TOUCHES A COLD SURFACE TO FORM ICE CRYSTALS

THERMAL EXPANSION/CONTRACTION THERMAL EXPANSION – WHEN SOLID MATTER IS HEATED IT WILL EXPAND (INCREASE IN SIZE)BECAUSE THE PARTICLES VIBRATE FASTER AND MOVE FURTHER APAPT CONTRACTION – THE PARTICLES VIBRATE MORE SLOWLY AND DECREASE IN SIZE THIS PUTS STRAIN ON BRIDGES

CONSERVATION OF MATTER E56 ALTHOUGH HEATING AND COOLING CHANGE THE VOLUME OF A SUBSTANCE THE MASS DOES NOT CHANGE MASS – THE AMOUNT OF MATERIAL IN MATTER WATER/ICE MEASURE *BURNT WOOD NO MATTER WHAT KIND OF CHANGE MATTER GOES THROUGH THE MASS WILL REMAIN THE SAME SOMETIMES YOU CAN’T SEE THE MATERIAL (WHEN GAS IS FORMED), BUT IT STILL HAS THE SAME MASS.