2/4 p.18 States of Matter Notes Classify the following as solid, liquid or gas: Gasoline, dust, steam, fog, sugar

Matter & States of Matter

What is matter?! Anything that has mass and Anything that has volume

What Does That Mean? Mass: the amount of stuff an object is made of. SI Unit g Volume: the amount of space an object takes up. SI unit liter or m 3 Density: How much mass in a given volume. m/v

States of Matter The physical forms in which a substance can exist – H 2 O can be gas (water vapor) in air, liquid water or solid ice.

SOLIDS Have definite shape Have definite volume Particles are very close together, locked and vibrate in place Strong attractive forces b/w particles Low Kinetic Energy/temperature Does not compress easily.

2 types: – Crystalline: orderly, 3-D structure (iron, diamond & ice) – Amorphous: no particular order, just close together (rubber & wax)

LIQUIDS No definite shape Takes the shape of its container Definite volume Particles loosely arranged and slide past each other Med attractive force Med KE/temperature. Does not compress easily.

Physical Properties of Liquids Surface tension: the force acting on the surface of L that cause round drops – each L has a different S.T. Viscosity: L’s resistance to flow – viscosity = thick L, like honey

GAS No definite shape, shape of container No definite volume spread out as far away from each other as possible. Very low density. Particles bounce around and collide with each other randomly. Very low attractive force. High KE/temperature Compress easily Volume increases with heat Animation Study jams

Plasma State of matter consisting of electrons and ions (charged particles) at very high temperatures. Ex. Neon signs, stars Free electrons that are not attached to the particles Conducts electricity very easily

OQ: Which state of matter is represented below? What would need to change if a solid was represented?