AP Introduction to English Colonization

What’s going on in England soon before colonization? King Henry VIII breaks with the Catholic Church, 1530s King Henry VIII breaks with the Catholic Church, 1530s Queen Elizabeth starts her rule, 1558 Queen Elizabeth starts her rule, 1558

Ferocious crushing of the Irish (tactics will be used on Natives) Ferocious crushing of the Irish (tactics will be used on Natives) Sir Walter Raleigh and the attempted colonization of Roanoke Island, all that’s left is “Croatoan” carved into a tree Sir Walter Raleigh and the attempted colonization of Roanoke Island, all that’s left is “Croatoan” carved into a tree

Other events… Sir Francis Drake and the “sea dogs” Sir Francis Drake and the “sea dogs” Sinking of the Spanish Armada, 1588 Sinking of the Spanish Armada, 1588

Why did people leave England for Jamestown and Plymouth? Enclosure movement Enclosure movement Economic depression in the woolen trade Economic depression in the woolen trade Laws of primogeniture Laws of primogeniture Desire to make money Desire to make money John Calvin added to Martin Luther’s ideas His followers were persecuted Pilgrims (Separatists), Puritans

JAMESTOWN, 1607

KEY INFORMATION ABOUT JAMESTOWN (and later, Virginia) Joint stock company Joint stock company “gentlemen” “gentlemen” Starvation Starvation Captain John Smith Captain John Smith John Rolfe John Rolfe Pocahontas Pocahontas Clashes with Powhatans Clashes with Powhatans Lord De La Warr Disease, disorganization, disposability Tobacco Slavery, 1619 Royal colony, 1624

PLYMOUTH, 1620

KEY INFORMATION ABOUT PLYMOUTH (and later, Massachusetts) Predestination Predestination “visible saints” “visible saints” Pilgrims/separatists decide to leave Pilgrims/separatists decide to leave Puritans will join them in the 1630s and Plymouth will be merged into Massachusetts Bay colony Puritans will join them in the 1630s and Plymouth will be merged into Massachusetts Bay colony Mayflower (ship and compact) Mayflower (ship and compact) Bound for VA Bound for VA Plymouth Rock Plymouth Rock William Bradford William Bradford Once Puritans come—John Winthrop and “city upon a hill” Bible commonwealth Protestant work ethic Quakers Anne Hutchinson and antinomianism Roger Williams Wampanoag Indians, Squanto, First Thanksgiving Pequot War, 1630s King Philip’s War, 1670s