© LICEF Modeling the Physiology of Distributed Learning Systems By Gilbert Paquette, Center for interuniversity research on Telelearning applications (CIRTA) Télé-université AERA-2002, New Orleans, April

© LICEF Distributed learning systems WORLD INTERNET Organizations Learners Front desk Server Organization’s Workstations Virtual Learning Organization Management servers Learners /Workers at home Training Delivery Servers VLC

© LICEF The Challenge of Delivery  Distributed delivery systems can be complex  Actors ruling operations, using and producing resources for other actors  Direct or mediated interactions between actors  Before, during, after learning  Delivery planning: an important ISD problem  Delivery support: building a usable system  Delivery analysis: to maintain and improve

© LICEF Delivery problems  Technological noise  Tools not there, inefficient, complex  Weak technical assistance  Organizational (interaction) noise  Human services not known  Intervention out of context  Comprehension noise  No global view of the process  No tools to understand interactions  Diverted attention from learning

© LICEF MISA 4.0 MISA main tasks

© LICEF Model of a Delivery Process

© LICEF Delivery Models  Knowledge and Skills  Instructionnal scenarios  Learning material design  Delivery planning  Delivery orientation principles  Delivery models  Quality maintenance processes Instructional Design Knowledge Engineering Information Systems Engineering MISA instructional engineering method

© LICEF An Organic Metaphor

© LICEF Levels of delivery models Distributed classrooms, Web- based self-learning, On-line teaching, Communities of practice, EPSS,… Knowledge management, learning progress assessment, collaboration support,… An actor (or group of actors) managing a group of operations, using and producing learning resources Types or organisms Physiological functions within an organism Local operations participating in functions

© LICEF Local operations for an actor Provider 2 Provide a tool R I/P Provider 1 Provide a learning material Tool R I/P User Use a learning material Learning material User production R I/P

© LICEF Main type of Material Presentatio ns, videos, websites Internet and MM training Productions, informative websites Activity guide, contextualised help files Model- Specific Tools Video-conf. system, browser, present.tools Browser, search engine, MM support Forum, , multimedia documents Forum, e- mail, multimedia documents Organization data bases and systems Means of Com. Synchronous telecom Asynchronous telecom Required Services Technical support Com. support Comm. support Systems technical support Delivery Locations Classroom, multimedia room Residence, workplace Workplace Types of delivery models Distributed Classroom Web Self- Training Online Training Communities of practice EPSS Learners ’ Actions Receive input, ask questions, exercises Autonomous Learning, access information Asks questions, cooperation, telediscuss. Cooperation, telediscuss, information exchange Exercises, case studies, simulations Facilitators ’ actions PresenterTraining manager Trainer, presenter Group animator Support manager

© LICEF A distributed classroom

© LICEF A community of practice

© LICEF Functions  Learner’s assessment  Knowledge management  Competency management  Information sources management  Collaboration management  Documents and tools management  Emerging activities management  ….. A function is a multi-actor process graph …part of a delivery model represeting …a use-case of the DLS …and a physiology of the DLS A function is a multi-actor process graph …part of a delivery model represeting …a use-case of the DLS …and a physiology of the DLS

© LICEF A learner assessment function

© LICEF A knowledge management function

© LICEF A competency management function

© LICEF Actors operations and resources Actor ’ s Name FunctionMaterial and Resources UsedMaterial and Resources Produced LEARNER Learners evaluation (T) Test presenter (M) Test in LO repository (M) Evaluation results (M) Completed test Competency Management (T) Test presenter (M) Competency profiles (M) Request of Competency Knowledge Management (M) Knowledge model (M) Model in a knowledge base (M) Models processes DESIGNER Learners evaluation (T) Scenario Editor (M) Scenarios and evaluation activities Competency Management (T) Competencies Editor(M) Competency dictionary and profile EXPERT Learners evaluation (T) Test Editor (M) Scenarios and eval. activities (M) Tests in a learning objects repository Competency Management (T) Test presenter(M) Competency Offer Knowledge Management (T) Model Editor (M) Model Library (M) Knowledge base (M) Knowledge Model (M) Presentations, Materials, etc (M) Model in knowledge base

© LICEF Expert Implementing in EXPERT

© LICEF The model as a dynamic aggregation interface  Learning objects, resources  The interoperability problem  An ISD problem and a delivery problem  Aggregate actors, resources, functions, environments  A changing anatomy  Capture physiology

© LICEF Grouping resources

© LICEF Integrating Resources and Operations

© LICEF Integrating LMS functions for an Actor

© LICEF Resource integration into delivery models  Prevent decomposition into small learning objects  Facilitate the reuse of resources  Provide meaningful action context  Facilitate actors coordination  Support the evolution of interactions and productions

© LICEF Modeling the Physiology of Distributed Learning Systems AERA-2002, New Orleans, April By Gilbert Paquette, Center for interuniversity research on Telelearning applications (CIRTA) Télé-université