Beijing | Brussels | Washington Which policy design for which stage of market maturity? REN 21 Renewables Academy Bonn 10 November 2014 Renewable Energy Policy Frameworks

Beijing | Brussels | Washington …since Renewables 2004 Number of countries with RE support policies has tripled (45-138) The vast majority adding policies are non-OECD countries (86%) A profusion of different types of policies and combinations of them An increasing focus on generation (MWh) rather than just installation (MW) Increasing focus on cost competitiveness Increasing focus on market design issues

Beijing | Brussels | London Some expression of political commitment from the government Effective rule of law and transparency Financing Mechanisms: a clear and effective pricing structure Grid Access: Provisions for priority access to the grid; connection availability and ease of grid access for wind farms A government and/or industry led strategy for public and community buy- in/acceptance and awareness An industrial development and employment strategy A functioning finance sector Key Elements for any Policy to work

Beijing | Brussels | London Additional Questions in relation to Auctions 1.Is the bar set high enough to keep out speculators? 2.What do you get at the end of the auction: a contract, or a chance for one? 3.Consequences/penalties for not living up to the terms of the auction? 4.Where are the sites? 5.How much is being auctioned at any given time? 6.Who’s responsible for the grid connection? 7.How does local content figure?

Beijing | Brussels | Washington GSR Key Findings Transformation not just integration Level the playing field – externalities, markets, etc. Stability, Stability and Stability Build on local successes Horses for courses – policies per technology Electricity is great, but…we need more focus on heating/cooling and transport Data is critical

Beijing | Brussels | Washington Electric vehicles Heat pumps Electric boilers electricity energy  emission 50% of electricity demand Flexible and Coherent Energy System Source: Energinet.dk

Thank you! For more information: Steve Sawyer, GWEC Beijing | Brussels | Washington