OBJECTIVES The students

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Presentation transcript:

OBJECTIVES The students Understand the phenomena of total internal reflection Appreciate the applications of total internal reflection in various fields Develop logical reasoning ability Are Exposed to the use of Total Internal Reflection in modern communication systems

The students already know The phenomenon of Reflection and Refraction Previous Knowledge The students already know The phenomenon of Reflection and Refraction Laws of Reflection and Refraction

What is Refraction? Refraction is the bending of light at the surface of separation between two transparent media when light passes from one medium to another Light bends towards the normal when it travels from a rarer to denser medium Light bends away from the normal when it travels from a denser to rarer medium

Consider a ray of light travelling from a denser to rarer medium The ray of light bends away from the normal in the rarer medium Rarer medium Denser medium

Now let’s increase the angle of incidence The refracted ray bends more away from the normal and nears the surface of separation. Rarer medium Denser medium

Now for a particular value of angle of incidence the refracted ray grazes the surface of separation This angle of incidence inside the denser medium, for which the refracted ray just grazes the surface of separation is called the critical angle for the pair of media. critical angle C

TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION What happens If the angle of incidence inside the denser medium is greater than the critical angle? ? Then the ray is not refracted, But it is totally reflected internally obeying the laws of reflection. This phenomenon is called TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION

CONDITIONS FOR TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION The light must travel from a denser to a rarer medium The angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle for the pair of media.

APPLICATIONS OF TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION TOTAL REFLECTING PRISMS SPARKLING OF DIAMOND SHINING OF AIR BUBBLE IN WATER MIRAGE OPTICAL FIBRES

TOTAL REFLECTING PRISMS THEY ARE ISOCELES RIGHT ANGLED PRISMS

USES OF TOTAL REFLECTING PRISMS TO ROTATE A RAY OF LIGHT THROUGH 90

TO ROTATE A RAY OF LIGHT THROUGH 180

TO ERECT AN INVERTED IMAGE OR VICE VERSA

SPARKLING OF DIAMOND

SHINING OF AIR BUBBLES IN WATER

MIRAGE

OPTICAL FIBRES

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank You NCERT Text Book for Class XII and http://www.ncert.nic.in for content Thank You